Lattice energies and electron affinities are very difficult to measure experimentally. Fairly reliable theoretical values for lattice energies can be calculated from simple models. The Born-Haber cycle can then be used to estimate electron affinities. Use the data below to calculate the electron affinity of iodine (in kJ mol-1), where a negative EA value indicates a favourable anion formation. Name of enthalpy change Value in kJ/mol Formation enthalpy of Cal 2(s) -533.46 Lattice energy of Cal2 -2074 Sublimation enthalpy of Ca 177.7 First ionization energy of Ca 589.8 Second ionization energy of Ca 1145.4 Sublimation enthalpy of I2 62.44 Bond energy of 12 151.1 )-293 +265 -599 -482

Lattice energies and electron affinities are very difficult to measure experimentally. Fairly reliable theoretical values for lattice energies can be calculated from simple models. The Born-Haber cycle can then be used to estimate electron affinities. Use the data below to calculate the electron affinity of iodine (in kJ mol-1), where a negative EA value indicates a favourable anion formation. Name of enthalpy change Value in kJ/mol Formation enthalpy of Cal 2(s) -533.46 Lattice energy of Cal2 -2074 Sublimation enthalpy of Ca 177.7 First ionization energy of Ca 589.8 Second ionization energy of Ca 1145.4 Sublimation enthalpy of I2 62.44 Bond energy of 12 151.1 )-293 +265 -599 -482

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter5: Electron Configurations And The Periodic Table

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 96QRT

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The lattice energy of an ionic solid such as NaCl is the enthalpy change H for the process in which the solid changes to ions. For example, NaCl(s)Na+(g)+Cl(g)H=786kJ/mol Assume that the ionization energy and electron a affinity are H values for the processes defined by those terms. The ionization energy of Na is 496 kJ/mol. Use this, the electron affinity from Table 8.4, and the lattice energy of NaCl to calculate H for the following process: Na(g)+Cl(g)NaCl(s)
Determine the lattice energy for LiCl(s) given these data: Sublimation enthalpy of Li, 161 kJ/mol; IE, for Li, 520 kJ/mol; BE of Cl2(g), 242 kJ/mol; electron affinity of Cl, 349 kJ/mol; formation enthalpy of LiCl(s), 408.7 kJ/mol.
Calculate the lattice energy of potassium fluoride, KF, using the BornHaber cycle. Use thermodynamic data from Appendix C to obtain the enthalpy changes for each step. (Note: You will obtain a slightly different answer if you use values given in Chapter 8 for the ionization energy and electron affinity, which are energy values at 0 K rather than the enthalpy changes at 298 K.)
Use the data provided below to calculate the lattice energy of RbCl. Is this value greater or less than thelattice energy of NaCl? Explain.Electron affinity of Cl = –349 kJ/mol1st ionization energy of Rb = 403 kJ/molBond energy of Cl2 = 242 kJ/molSublimation energy of Rb = 86.5 kJ/molΔHf [RbCl (s)] = –430.5 kJ/mol
using the data below, draw a Born-Haber cycle for Mg O and calculate its lattice energy AHf MgO = -602KJ AHf atom Mg = +150KJ AH. 1stI. E +736KJ AH2nd.E+1450KJ A atomization = +248KJ A1st electron affinity = -142KJ A2nd electron affinity = +844KJ
Use Born-Mayer equation to calculate the lattice energy for PbS (it crystallizes in theNaCl structure). Then, use the Born–Haber cycle to obtain the value of lattice energy for PbS.You will need the following data following data : ΔH Pb(g) = 196 kJ/mol; ΔHf PbS = –98kJ/mol; electron affinities for S(g)→S- (g) is -201 kJ/mol; ) S- (g) →S2-(g) is 640kJ/mol. Ionizationenergies for Pb are listed in Resource section 2, p.903. Remember that enthalpies of formationare calculated beginning with the elements in their standard states (S8 for sulfur). Diatomicsulfur, S2, is formed from S8 (ΔHf: S2 (g) = 535 kJ/mol. Can you just do the Born-Haber part?
Calculate the lattice energy of NaBr(s), given the following thermochemical equations, where A/E and AEA are ionization energy and electron affinity, respectively. Na(s)Na(g) AH = +107 kJ Na(g) Nat(g) + e A/E = +496 kJ -> 1/2 Br₂(g) → Br(g) AHf = +112 kJ - Br(g) + e¯ → Br¯(g) AEA = -325 kJ Na(s) + 1/2 Br₂(g) → NaBr(s) AH = -361 kJ ->> - -1401 kJ -751 kJ +29 kJ -29 kJ +751 kJ
Calculate the lattice energy for LiBr(s) given the following: sublimation energy for Li(s) +166 kJ/mol ΔHf for Br(g) +97 kJ/mol first ionization energy of Li(g) +520. kJ/mol electron affinity of Br(g) –325 kJ/mol enthalpy of formation of LiBr(s) –351 kJ/mol
Calculate the second ionization energy of the metal M (AHion2 in kJ/mol) using the following data: Lattice enthalpy of MO(s), AH = -2278 kJ/mol Bond dissociation enthalpy of O2(g) = +498 kJ/mol First electron affinity of O = -141 kJ/mol Second electron affinity of O = +744 kJ/mol Enthalpy of sublimation of M = + 125 kJ/mol First ionization energy of M = + 309 kJ/mol Standard enthalpy of formation of MO(s), AH = -341 kJ/mol
The work function (Φ) of a metal is the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from its surface. (a) Is it easier toremove an electron from a gaseous silver atom or from the sur-face of solid silver (Φ=7.59X10⁻¹⁹J; IE =731 kJ/mol)? (b) Explain the results in terms of the electron-sea model ofmetallic bonding
g 44.956 mol atomic mass electronegativity 1.36 kJ 18.1 mol electron affinity kJ 633.1 mol ionization energy kJ 16. mol heat of fusion Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? O release O absorb (1) Sc(g) + e Sc (g) O Can't be decided with the data given. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? O yes O no If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): O kJ/mol Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? O release O absorb (2) Sc (g) - Sc (g) + e O Can't be decided with the data given. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? O yes O no If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): O kJ/mol
Given the following information, construct a Born-Haber cycle to calculate the lattice energy of CrCl₂I(s): Net energy change for the formation of CrCl₂I(s) = -420 kJ/mol Bond dissociation energy for I2(g) = +243 kJ/mol Bond dissociation energy for Cl2(g) for Cl2(g) for 12(g) = +151 kJ/mol Heat of sublimation for I2(s) = +62 kJ/mol Heat of sublimation for Cr(s) = +397 kJ/mol = E₁₁ for Cr(g) = 652 kJ/mol E₁₂ for Cr(g) == 1588 kJ/mol E₁3 for Cr(g) = 2882 kJ/mol Eea for Cl(g)=-349 kJ/mol === Eea for I(g) = -295 kJ/mol

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