Last year, the standard deviation of the ages of the students at UA was 1.8 years. Recently, a sample of 31 students had a standard deviation of 2.1 years. We are interested in testing to see if there has been a significant change in the standard deviation of the ages of the students at UA. The null hypothesis is  a. µ > 1.8 b. µ = 1.8 c. σ > 1.8 d. σ = 1.8 The test statistic (

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Confidence Intervals

When we calculate intervals in probability and statistics, it can be simply termed as finding out a confidence interval. The confidence interval is usually calculated from the data set which is observed. The value of the parameter that needs to be calculated is present here only.