Knowing the approximate pKa values above will help in answering this question. 3. pH = 3.0 Which form predominates in solutions with the following pH values? `NH2 NH pH = 13.0 %3D Ш II pH = 3.0 Which form predominates in solutions with the following pH values? Он Он pH = 13.0 II II %3D

Knowing the approximate pKa values above will help in answering this question. 3. pH = 3.0 Which form predominates in solutions with the following pH values? `NH2 NH pH = 13.0 %3D Ш II pH = 3.0 Which form predominates in solutions with the following pH values? Он Он pH = 13.0 II II %3D

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079373

Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Publisher:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Chapter14: Equilibria In Acid-base Solutions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 60QAP: Consider an aqueous solution of HF. The molar heat of formation for aqueous HF is -320.1 kJ/mol. (a)...

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. How is the strength of an acid related to the fact that a competition for protons exists in aqueous solution between water molecules and the anion of the acid?
Define or illustrate the meaning of the following terms: a. amphoteric b. Kw reaction c. Kw equilibrium constant d. pH e. pOH f. pKw Give the conditions for a neutral aqueous solution at 25C, in terms of [H+], pH, and the relationship between [H+] and [OH]. Do the same for an acidic solution and for a basic solution. As a solution becomes more acidic, what happens to pH, pOH, [H+], and [OH]? As a solution becomes more basic, what happens to pH, pOH, [H+], and [OH]?
You add 0.979 g of Pb(OH)2 to 1.00 L of pure water at 25 C. The pH is 9.15. Estimate the value of Ksp for Pb(OH)2.
If the pH of a solution containing the strong base Sr(OH)2 is 10.46 at 25C, what is the concentration of Sr(OH)2? (a) 3.5 1011 M (b) 2.9 104 M (c) 6.9 104 M (d) 1.4 104 M
You have a solution of the weak acid HA and add some HCl to it. What are the major species in the solution? What do you need to know to calculate the pH of the solution, and how would you use this information? How does the pH of the solution of just the HA compare with that of the final mixture? Explain.
Isocyanic acid (HNCO) can be prepared by heating sodium cyanate in the presence of solid oxalic acid according to the equation 2NaOCN(s)+H2C2O4(s)2HNCO(l)+Na2C2O4(s) Upon isolating pure HNCO(l), an aqueous solution of HNCO can be prepared by dissolving the liquid HNCO in water. What is the pH of a l00.-mL solution of HNCO prepared from the reaction of 10.0 g each of NaOCN and H2C2O4, assuming all of the HNCO produced is dissolved in solution? (Ka of HNCO = 1.2 l04.)
Consider the following statements. Write out an example reaction and K expression that is associated with each statement. a. The autoionization of water. b. An acid reacts with water to produce the conjugate base of the acid and the hydronium ion. c. A base reacts with water to produce the conjugate acid of the base and the hydroxide ion.
For conjugate acidbase pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)CH3CO2(aq)+H3O+(aq) where Ka = 1.8 105 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)
You have a solution of the weak acid HA and add some of the salt NaA to it. What are the major species in the solution? What do you need to know to calculate the pH of the solution, and how would you use this information? How does the pH of the solution of just the HA compare with that of the final mixture? Explain.
Amino acids are an important group of compounds. At low pH, both the carboxylic acid group (CO2H) and the amine group (NHR) are protonated. However, as the pH of the solution increases (say, by adding base), the carboxylic acid proton is removed, usually at a pH between 2 and 3. In a middle range of pHs, therefore, the amine group is protonated, but the carboxylic acid group has lost the proton. (This is called a zwitterion.) At more basic pH values, the amine proton is dissociated. What is the pH of a 0.20 M solution of alanine hydrochloride, [NH3CHCH3CO2H]Cl?
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Rank the compounds in each of the following groups in order of increasing acidity or basicity, as indicated, and explain the order you assign. (a) acidity: HCI, HBr, HI. (b)basicity: H2O, OH-, H-, CI-. (c) basicity: Mg(OH)2, Si(OH)4, ClO3(OH) (Hint: Formula could also be written as HCIO4). (d) acidity: HF, H2O, NH3, CH4