According to John Stuart, what rights should women get?

Social Psychology (10th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134641287
Author:Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers
Publisher:Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers
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According to John Stuart, what rights should women get? 

Page i
Marvin Perry, “The Subjection of Women," Sources of Western Tradition, v. 2 ed.
9, Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2014, pp. 215-217.
--John Stuart Mill, The Subjection of Women (London: J. M. Dent and Sons,
1929), р. 3-6, 10-2, 15, 60-61, 64, 73, 82, 161-162, and 24-215.
John Stuart Mill
THE SUBJECTIOΝ OF WOΜΕΝ
John Stuart Mill (also see page 167), a British philosopher and a liberal, champi-
oned women's rights. His interest in the subject was awakened by Harriet Taylor,
a long-time friend and an ardent feminist, whom he married in 1851. Mill and
Taylor had an intense intellectual companionship both before and after their
marriage, and Taylor helped shape his ideas on the position of women in society
and the urgent need for reform. In 1867, Mill, as a Member of Parliament,
proposed that the suffrage be extended to women (the proposal was rejected by
a vote of 194 to 74). In The Subjection of Women (1869), Mill argued that male
dominance of women constituted a flagrant abuse of power. He maintained that
female inequality, "a single relic of an old world of thought and practice exploded
in everything else," violated the principle of individual rights and hindered the
progress of humanity. Excerpts from Mill's classic in the history of feminism follow.
The object of this Essay is to explain, as clearly regulates the existing social relations between
the two sexes-the legal subordination of one sex
to the other-is wrong in itself, and now one
of the chief hindrances to human improvement;
or political matters, and which, instead of and that it ought to be replaced by a principle of
being weakened or modified, has been constantly perfect equality, admitting no power or privilege
on the one side, nor disability on the other. ...
The adoption of this system of inequal-
ity never was the result of deliberation, or
forethought, or any social ideas, or any notion
whatever of what conduced to the benefit of
as I am able, the grounds of an opinion which
I have held from the very earliest period when
I had formed any opinions at all on social
growing stronger by the progress of reflection and
the experience of life: That the principle which
John Stuart Mill, The Subjection of Women (London:
J. M. Dent and Sons, 1929), pp. 3–6, 10–12, 15, 60–61,
64, 73, 82, 161–162, 214–215.
humanity or the good order of society. It arose
Transcribed Image Text:Page i Marvin Perry, “The Subjection of Women," Sources of Western Tradition, v. 2 ed. 9, Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2014, pp. 215-217. --John Stuart Mill, The Subjection of Women (London: J. M. Dent and Sons, 1929), р. 3-6, 10-2, 15, 60-61, 64, 73, 82, 161-162, and 24-215. John Stuart Mill THE SUBJECTIOΝ OF WOΜΕΝ John Stuart Mill (also see page 167), a British philosopher and a liberal, champi- oned women's rights. His interest in the subject was awakened by Harriet Taylor, a long-time friend and an ardent feminist, whom he married in 1851. Mill and Taylor had an intense intellectual companionship both before and after their marriage, and Taylor helped shape his ideas on the position of women in society and the urgent need for reform. In 1867, Mill, as a Member of Parliament, proposed that the suffrage be extended to women (the proposal was rejected by a vote of 194 to 74). In The Subjection of Women (1869), Mill argued that male dominance of women constituted a flagrant abuse of power. He maintained that female inequality, "a single relic of an old world of thought and practice exploded in everything else," violated the principle of individual rights and hindered the progress of humanity. Excerpts from Mill's classic in the history of feminism follow. The object of this Essay is to explain, as clearly regulates the existing social relations between the two sexes-the legal subordination of one sex to the other-is wrong in itself, and now one of the chief hindrances to human improvement; or political matters, and which, instead of and that it ought to be replaced by a principle of being weakened or modified, has been constantly perfect equality, admitting no power or privilege on the one side, nor disability on the other. ... The adoption of this system of inequal- ity never was the result of deliberation, or forethought, or any social ideas, or any notion whatever of what conduced to the benefit of as I am able, the grounds of an opinion which I have held from the very earliest period when I had formed any opinions at all on social growing stronger by the progress of reflection and the experience of life: That the principle which John Stuart Mill, The Subjection of Women (London: J. M. Dent and Sons, 1929), pp. 3–6, 10–12, 15, 60–61, 64, 73, 82, 161–162, 214–215. humanity or the good order of society. It arose
Page 2
simply from the fact that from the very earliest
twilight of human society, every woman (owing a forced slave but a willing one; not a slave
to the value attached to her by men, combined
with her inferiority in muscular strength) was
found in a state of bondage to some man. ...
But, it will be said, the rule of men over
women differs from all these others in not being
a rule of force: it is accepted voluntarily; women
make no complaint, and are consenting parties whole force of education to effect their purpose.
to it. In the first place, a great number of women
do not accept it. Ever since there have been years in the belief that their ideal of character is
women able to make their sentiments known by the very opposite to that of men; not self-will,
their writings (the only mode of publicity and government by self-control, but submission,
which society permits to them), an increasing
number of them have recorded protests against
woman most nearly connected with them, not
merely, but a favourite. They have therefore put
everything in practice to enslave their minds.
The masters of all other slaves rely, for maintain-
ing obedience, on fear; either fear of themselves,
or religious fears. The masters of women wanted
more than simple obedience, and they turned the
All women are brought up from the very earliest
and yielding to the control of others. All the
moralities tell them that it is the duty of women,
their present social condition: and recently and all the current sentimentalities that it is
many thousands of them, headed by the most
eminent women known to the public, have abnegation of themselves, and to have no life but
petitioned Parliament for their admission to the
parliamentary suffrage. The claim of women to
be educated as solidly, and in the same branches those to the men with whom they are connected,
of knowledge, as men, is urged with growing
intensity, and with a great prospect of success;
while the demand for their admission into pro-
fessions and occupations hitherto closed against
them becomes every year more urgent. Though secondly, the wife's entire dependence on the
there are not in this country, as there are in the husband, every privilege or pleasure she has
United States, periodical Conventions and an
organized party to agitate for the Rights of on his will; and lastly, that the principal ob-
Women, there is a numerous and active Society ject of human pursuit, consideration, and all
organized and managed by women, for the more objects of social ambition, can in general be
limited object of obtaining the political fran- sought or obtained by her only through him-
chise. Nor is it only in our own country and in
America that women are beginning to protest,
more or less collectively, against the disabilities of feminine education and formation of char-
under which they labour. France, and Italy, and
Switzerland, and Russia now afford examples of
the same thing. How many more women there
are who silently cherish similar aspirations, no
one can possibly know; but there are abundant
tokens how many would cherish them, were
they not so strenuously taught to repress them
as contrary to the proprieties of their sex. . ..
Men do not want solely the obedience of it be doubted that any of the other yokes which
women, they want their sentiments. All men,
except the most brutish, desire to have, in the
their nature, to live for others; to make complete
in their affections. And by their affections are
meant the only ones they are allowed
have-
or to the children who constitute an additional
and indefeasible tie between them and a man.
When we put together three things-first,
the natural attraction between opposite sexes;
being either his gift, or depending entirely
it would be a miracle if the object of being
attractive to men had not become the polar star
acter. And, this great means of influence over
the minds of women having been acquired, an
instinct of selfishness made men avail them-
selves of it to the utmost as a means of hold-
ing women in subjection, by representing to
them meekness, submissiveness, and resignation
of all individual will into the hands of a man, as
an essential part of sexual attractiveness. Can
f
mankind have succeeded in breaking would
have subsisted till now if the same means had
Transcribed Image Text:Page 2 simply from the fact that from the very earliest twilight of human society, every woman (owing a forced slave but a willing one; not a slave to the value attached to her by men, combined with her inferiority in muscular strength) was found in a state of bondage to some man. ... But, it will be said, the rule of men over women differs from all these others in not being a rule of force: it is accepted voluntarily; women make no complaint, and are consenting parties whole force of education to effect their purpose. to it. In the first place, a great number of women do not accept it. Ever since there have been years in the belief that their ideal of character is women able to make their sentiments known by the very opposite to that of men; not self-will, their writings (the only mode of publicity and government by self-control, but submission, which society permits to them), an increasing number of them have recorded protests against woman most nearly connected with them, not merely, but a favourite. They have therefore put everything in practice to enslave their minds. The masters of all other slaves rely, for maintain- ing obedience, on fear; either fear of themselves, or religious fears. The masters of women wanted more than simple obedience, and they turned the All women are brought up from the very earliest and yielding to the control of others. All the moralities tell them that it is the duty of women, their present social condition: and recently and all the current sentimentalities that it is many thousands of them, headed by the most eminent women known to the public, have abnegation of themselves, and to have no life but petitioned Parliament for their admission to the parliamentary suffrage. The claim of women to be educated as solidly, and in the same branches those to the men with whom they are connected, of knowledge, as men, is urged with growing intensity, and with a great prospect of success; while the demand for their admission into pro- fessions and occupations hitherto closed against them becomes every year more urgent. Though secondly, the wife's entire dependence on the there are not in this country, as there are in the husband, every privilege or pleasure she has United States, periodical Conventions and an organized party to agitate for the Rights of on his will; and lastly, that the principal ob- Women, there is a numerous and active Society ject of human pursuit, consideration, and all organized and managed by women, for the more objects of social ambition, can in general be limited object of obtaining the political fran- sought or obtained by her only through him- chise. Nor is it only in our own country and in America that women are beginning to protest, more or less collectively, against the disabilities of feminine education and formation of char- under which they labour. France, and Italy, and Switzerland, and Russia now afford examples of the same thing. How many more women there are who silently cherish similar aspirations, no one can possibly know; but there are abundant tokens how many would cherish them, were they not so strenuously taught to repress them as contrary to the proprieties of their sex. . .. Men do not want solely the obedience of it be doubted that any of the other yokes which women, they want their sentiments. All men, except the most brutish, desire to have, in the their nature, to live for others; to make complete in their affections. And by their affections are meant the only ones they are allowed have- or to the children who constitute an additional and indefeasible tie between them and a man. When we put together three things-first, the natural attraction between opposite sexes; being either his gift, or depending entirely it would be a miracle if the object of being attractive to men had not become the polar star acter. And, this great means of influence over the minds of women having been acquired, an instinct of selfishness made men avail them- selves of it to the utmost as a means of hold- ing women in subjection, by representing to them meekness, submissiveness, and resignation of all individual will into the hands of a man, as an essential part of sexual attractiveness. Can f mankind have succeeded in breaking would have subsisted till now if the same means had
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