Jacob is a 36-year-old male interested in starting an exercise program

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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Jacob is a 36-year-old male interested in starting an exercise program. He is not currently exercising but has recognized that his weight has started to increase due to the many hours spent sitting for work. Jacob would like to start a moderate-intensity exercise program focused around losing weight and improving his health. All participants of your exercise facility must have an initial exercise test and you are the Health Fitness Specialist performing the tests. Jacob says he used to smoke, but quit 4-months, when his father passed away at 70-years-of-age due to lung cancer. His mother is in good health, but is pre-diabetic. On today’s visit, Jacob’s resting heart rate (HR) was 76 bpm and his resting blood pressure (BP) was 132/76 mmHg. He weighs 195 lbs. and is 5’ 10” tall. His fasting blood results were measured on two separate occasions and are as follows: total cholesterol = 183 mg/dL; HDL = 48 mg/dL; LDL = 126 mg/dL; fasting glucose = 132 mg/dL. A maximal graded exercise test was performed with Jacob using an individualized treadmill protocol. The results of the exercise test are as follows: Question: What were Jacob’s METs and O2 cost at the last stage of exercise (i.e., when you stopped the test)? Show your calculations and include units for full credit.
**Exercise Stress Test Results**

The table below presents the results of an exercise stress test across different stages. Each stage increases in intensity, and various physiological parameters are recorded, including the metabolic equivalent (METs), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and subjective measures of exertion and symptoms.

| Stage | METs | HR (bpm) | BP (mmHg) | Angina | RPE | Signs/symptoms               |
|-------|------|----------|-----------|--------|-----|------------------------------|
| 0     | 1    | 76       | 132/76    | 0      | 6   | Normal                       |
| 1     | 4.6  | 91       | 140/76    | 0      | 12  | Normal                       |
| 2     | 5.8  | 129      | 148/78    | 0      | 13  | Normal                       |
| 3     | 6.6  | 138      | 156/76    | 0      | 15  | Normal, starting to sweat    |
| 4     | 7.8  | 148      | 164/74    | 0      | 16  | Normal, sweating             |
| 5     | 9.2  | 156      | 174/74    | 0      | 17  | Normal, face red and sweating|
| 6     | 10.4 | 174      | 182/76    | 0      | 17  | Normal, face red and sweating|
| 7     | 11.8 | 186      | 170/76    | 0      | 18  | Normal, face red and sweating|
| 8     | 12.4 | 186      | 174/78    | 1      | 19  | Shortness of breath          |

**Explanation of Terms:**

- **Stage:** The level of exercise intensity.
- **METs (Metabolic Equivalent):** A unit used to estimate the amount of oxygen used by the body during physical activity, relative to resting oxygen intake.
- **HR (bpm):** Heart rate measured in beats per minute.
- **BP (mmHg):** Blood pressure recorded as systolic/diastolic.
- **Angina:**
Transcribed Image Text:**Exercise Stress Test Results** The table below presents the results of an exercise stress test across different stages. Each stage increases in intensity, and various physiological parameters are recorded, including the metabolic equivalent (METs), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and subjective measures of exertion and symptoms. | Stage | METs | HR (bpm) | BP (mmHg) | Angina | RPE | Signs/symptoms | |-------|------|----------|-----------|--------|-----|------------------------------| | 0 | 1 | 76 | 132/76 | 0 | 6 | Normal | | 1 | 4.6 | 91 | 140/76 | 0 | 12 | Normal | | 2 | 5.8 | 129 | 148/78 | 0 | 13 | Normal | | 3 | 6.6 | 138 | 156/76 | 0 | 15 | Normal, starting to sweat | | 4 | 7.8 | 148 | 164/74 | 0 | 16 | Normal, sweating | | 5 | 9.2 | 156 | 174/74 | 0 | 17 | Normal, face red and sweating| | 6 | 10.4 | 174 | 182/76 | 0 | 17 | Normal, face red and sweating| | 7 | 11.8 | 186 | 170/76 | 0 | 18 | Normal, face red and sweating| | 8 | 12.4 | 186 | 174/78 | 1 | 19 | Shortness of breath | **Explanation of Terms:** - **Stage:** The level of exercise intensity. - **METs (Metabolic Equivalent):** A unit used to estimate the amount of oxygen used by the body during physical activity, relative to resting oxygen intake. - **HR (bpm):** Heart rate measured in beats per minute. - **BP (mmHg):** Blood pressure recorded as systolic/diastolic. - **Angina:**
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