It is decided to construct gravity retaining wall of height 'H' at certain location of AIRusail, Muscat. Geometric dimensions of the retaining wall can be referenced in figure 1. Perform suitable laboratory test in order to find out soil properties such as weight density (0) and soil peak strength parameters ' & c'. Bearing resistance of the soil beneath the wall is 'Qu' and the unit weight of the concrete is 25 kN/m3 (EN1991-1-1:2002). Ignore any passive resistance from the soil in front of the wall. Design the retailing wall for the GEO (Design Approach 1) limit state of Eurocode 7. Back Soil

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Measuring site work, Excavation and Piling

Bid drawings typically include very little material about the precise requirements of site work operations, measuring site work and excavation work differs from measuring most other works on a construction project. The actual site work conditions are not provided and also the dimensions of the excavations are not known during the pre-construction phase. The precise measurement of the excavation and backfill of the earth material and topsoil is important for a contractor to decide upon the total cost required for the process. All the works should be carried out under OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) standards to ensure the safety of the workers.