**Investigation on Drug Efficacy Across Ethnic/Racial Groups**Investigators studied the relationship between taking a new drug versus a placebo on lowering blood pressure. They calculated the common odds ratio across ethnic-racial groups (black, white, Asian, Hispanic, other) to be 1.24. A p-value for the Breslow Day test was calculated to be 0.35. Based solely on the p-value for the Breslow Day test, we would conclude which of the following? (Select all that apply.)- ☐ The odds ratios can be assumed to be equal to 1.0 for all groups- ☐ The odds ratios can be treated as equal across groups- ☐ There is not enough evidence to prove the odds ratios are different across groups- ☐ There is not enough evidence to prove the odds ratio is different than 1- ☐ There is evidence that the odds ratios are not equal across groups- ☐ There is evidence that the odds ratios do not equal 1.0 across all groups

Answered: Investigators studied the relationship…

Advanced Engineering Mathematics

10th Edition

ISBN:9780470458365

Author:Erwin Kreyszig

Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig

Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Question

**Investigation on Drug Efficacy Across Ethnic/Racial Groups**

Investigators studied the relationship between taking a new drug versus a placebo on lowering blood pressure. They calculated the common odds ratio across ethnic-racial groups (black, white, Asian, Hispanic, other) to be 1.24. A p-value for the Breslow Day test was calculated to be 0.35. Based solely on the p-value for the Breslow Day test, we would conclude which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

- ☐ The odds ratios can be assumed to be equal to 1.0 for all groups
- ☐ The odds ratios can be treated as equal across groups
- ☐ There is not enough evidence to prove the odds ratios are different across groups
- ☐ There is not enough evidence to prove the odds ratio is different than 1
- ☐ There is evidence that the odds ratios are not equal across groups
- ☐ There is evidence that the odds ratios do not equal 1.0 across all groups

Expert Solution

Step 1: True option

Based just on the p-value for the Breslow Day test, we can conclude the following:

There is not enough evidence to prove the odds ratios are different across groups.
There is not enough evidence to prove the odds ratio is different than 1.

The p-value for the Breslow Day test is 0.35, which is greater than the significance level of 0.05. This means that we cannot reject the null hypothesis that the odds ratios are equal across groups and equal to 1. However, we also cannot conclude that the odds ratios are definitely equal across groups and equal to 1, because it is possible that we simply did not have enough data to detect a difference.

Therefore, the only two conclusions that we can draw based just on the p-value for the Breslow Day test are:

There is not enough evidence to prove the odds ratios are different across groups.
There is not enough evidence to prove the odds ratio is different than 1.

The other options are not supported by the p-value alone.