Interpret graphs of maternal levels of hCG, estrogen, and progesterone during pregnancy

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Interpret graphs of maternal levels of hCG, estrogen, and progesterone during pregnancy.

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Step 1

Mostly during pregnancy, hCG is produced. It happens almost completely in the placenta. They can play a role in nausea and vomiting that are frequently associated with pregnancy, and estrogen hormones tend to establish females' reproductive characteristics. Normally, estrogen is produced in the ovaries. Estrogen is also developed during pregnancy by the placenta to help sustain a stable pregnancy, and through pregnancy, Progesterone hormones are released by the ovaries and the placenta. It induces the thickness of the uterine wall when a fertilized egg is inserted.

 

Step 2

hCG level: As the embryo begins to develop, the hCG levels rise every two to three days. About the sixth week of pregnancy, hCG concentrations peak. Afterward, the hCG is found in body, but the levels will continue to decrease. When the placenta is fully developed, it acts as a center of progesterone development, and it is no longer required to help ovarian function with hCG support.

 

Progesterone level: It is necessary to control progesterone in pregnancy. A steady delivery of progesterone to the endometrium persists throughout pregnancy to help nurture the growing embryo. Progesterone also helps create a healthy atmosphere for developing a fetus after successful implantation. After 8 to 10 weeks of pregnancy, progesterone synthesis from the ovaries is taken over by the placenta, and progesterone production rises significantly.

 

Estrogen Level: During birth, estrogen levels climb gradually and hit their highest in the third trimester. Any nausea associated with breastfeeding may be caused by the sudden rise in estrogen levels during the first trimester. It plays a significant role in the breast ducts' growth that widens the breasts during the second trimester.

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