Indicate the oxidation state of every individual element in the following compounds. Fractional oxidation states are acceptable. d. Na,C,O4 h. SO3 f. H.СО
Indicate the oxidation state of every individual element in the following compounds. Fractional oxidation states are acceptable. d. Na,C,O4 h. SO3 f. H.СО
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
Related questions
Question
![**Oxidation States of Elements in Compounds**
In this section, we will determine the oxidation state of each individual element in the given compounds. Fractional oxidation states are acceptable.
**d. Na₂C₂O₄ (Sodium Oxalate)**
1. Sodium (Na):
- Sodium is an alkali metal and typically has an oxidation state of +1.
- Since there are two sodium atoms, the total oxidation state from sodium is +2.
2. Carbon (C):
- Let the oxidation state of carbon be \( x \).
3. Oxygen (O):
- Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
- Since there are four oxygen atoms, the total oxidation state from oxygen is -8.
The sum of oxidation states in Na₂C₂O₄ should equal zero (assuming the compound is neutral).
\[ 2(+1) + 2(x) + 4(-2) = 0 \]
\[ 2 + 2x - 8 = 0 \]
\[ 2x - 6 = 0 \]
\[ 2x = 6 \]
\[ x = +3 \]
Thus, the oxidation state of carbon (C) in Na₂C₂O₄ is +3.
**f. H₂CO (Formaldehyde)**
1. Hydrogen (H):
- Hydrogen typically has an oxidation state of +1.
- Since there are two hydrogen atoms, the total oxidation state from hydrogen is +2.
2. Carbon (C):
- Let the oxidation state of carbon be \( x \).
3. Oxygen (O):
- Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
The sum of oxidation states in H₂CO should equal zero (assuming the compound is neutral).
\[ 2(+1) + x + (-2) = 0 \]
\[ 2 + x - 2 = 0 \]
\[ x = 0 \]
Thus, the oxidation state of carbon (C) in H₂CO is 0.
**h. SO₃ (Sulfur Trioxide)**
1. Sulfur (S):
- Let the oxidation state of sulfur be \( x \).
2. Oxygen (O):
- Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
- Since there are three oxygen atoms, the total oxidation state from oxygen is -6.
The sum of oxidation states in](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F4a48626b-f532-4b0a-b520-74f602af1686%2F6765a012-a3a1-4b76-af99-3f234c579559%2Frq1n9s3_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Oxidation States of Elements in Compounds**
In this section, we will determine the oxidation state of each individual element in the given compounds. Fractional oxidation states are acceptable.
**d. Na₂C₂O₄ (Sodium Oxalate)**
1. Sodium (Na):
- Sodium is an alkali metal and typically has an oxidation state of +1.
- Since there are two sodium atoms, the total oxidation state from sodium is +2.
2. Carbon (C):
- Let the oxidation state of carbon be \( x \).
3. Oxygen (O):
- Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
- Since there are four oxygen atoms, the total oxidation state from oxygen is -8.
The sum of oxidation states in Na₂C₂O₄ should equal zero (assuming the compound is neutral).
\[ 2(+1) + 2(x) + 4(-2) = 0 \]
\[ 2 + 2x - 8 = 0 \]
\[ 2x - 6 = 0 \]
\[ 2x = 6 \]
\[ x = +3 \]
Thus, the oxidation state of carbon (C) in Na₂C₂O₄ is +3.
**f. H₂CO (Formaldehyde)**
1. Hydrogen (H):
- Hydrogen typically has an oxidation state of +1.
- Since there are two hydrogen atoms, the total oxidation state from hydrogen is +2.
2. Carbon (C):
- Let the oxidation state of carbon be \( x \).
3. Oxygen (O):
- Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
The sum of oxidation states in H₂CO should equal zero (assuming the compound is neutral).
\[ 2(+1) + x + (-2) = 0 \]
\[ 2 + x - 2 = 0 \]
\[ x = 0 \]
Thus, the oxidation state of carbon (C) in H₂CO is 0.
**h. SO₃ (Sulfur Trioxide)**
1. Sulfur (S):
- Let the oxidation state of sulfur be \( x \).
2. Oxygen (O):
- Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
- Since there are three oxygen atoms, the total oxidation state from oxygen is -6.
The sum of oxidation states in
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps with 4 images
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY