In your opinion, what are the advantages and disadvantages to using self-reports for gathering data on physical activities instead of directly observing the participants’ activities? Explain.  The women were asked about their activities over a seven-day period. In your opinion, is this a long enough period of time? Explain.

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In your opinion, what are the advantages and disadvantages to using self-reports for gathering data on physical activities instead of directly observing the participants’ activities? Explain. 
The women were asked about their activities over a seven-day period. In your opinion, is this a long enough period of time? Explain.

 

 

Cancer Risk-Reduction Behaviors
STATISTICAL GUIDE
The range is the difference between the highest and the lowest scores in a set of scores.
(Some statisticians add "1" to the difference.) Sometimes researchers merely report the
highest and lowest values (without subtracting) and refer to the two values as the range.
Other times, a single number is reported for the range, and in this case, the single number is
the difference between the highest and lowest score.
The range is one indicator of how dispersed or spread out a set of scores is. The range is
important because it gets at the idea of variation or variability in a distribution-one of the
key features of a distribution. If the range is small, the variation is small and vice versa.
Article #2 on Mean and Range
By the way, the terms variation, spread, and dispersion are often used interchangeably.
They all point towards a central idea-the amount of difference in the scores, one from
another, in a distribution. The range is the most straightforward way to calculate the
variation or spread in a distribution. It is also the most conceptually simple way to think
about variation in a distribution. Still, the range as a description of variation has its
limitations, which is why other methods to calculate the variation are needed. The rest of the
exercises in Unit II cover many of the further ways to think about and calculate the variation
in a distribution.
BACKGROUND NOTE
The researchers who reported the information below were studying the physical activity of
women who had survived breast cancer. The women in the study self-reported their levels
of physical activity (i.e., their activities were not observed by the researchers).
EXCERPT FROM THE RESEARCH ARTICLE¹
Table 1
Physical Activity (Mean Hours/Day Averaged over 7 Days)
Activity Level
Sleep
Light physical activity
Moderate physical activity
Hard physical activity
Very hard physical activity
M
7.35
8.71
3.36
.78
.14
Range
5.5-8.8
3.0-16.0
71-8.3
0-4.1
0-1.05
NOTE
1 Lindsey, A. M., Waltman, N., Gross, G., Ott, C. D., & Twiss, J. (2004). Cancer risk-reduction
behaviors of breast cancer survivors. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 26, 872-890.
Reprinted by Permission of SAGE Publications, Inc.
Transcribed Image Text:Cancer Risk-Reduction Behaviors STATISTICAL GUIDE The range is the difference between the highest and the lowest scores in a set of scores. (Some statisticians add "1" to the difference.) Sometimes researchers merely report the highest and lowest values (without subtracting) and refer to the two values as the range. Other times, a single number is reported for the range, and in this case, the single number is the difference between the highest and lowest score. The range is one indicator of how dispersed or spread out a set of scores is. The range is important because it gets at the idea of variation or variability in a distribution-one of the key features of a distribution. If the range is small, the variation is small and vice versa. Article #2 on Mean and Range By the way, the terms variation, spread, and dispersion are often used interchangeably. They all point towards a central idea-the amount of difference in the scores, one from another, in a distribution. The range is the most straightforward way to calculate the variation or spread in a distribution. It is also the most conceptually simple way to think about variation in a distribution. Still, the range as a description of variation has its limitations, which is why other methods to calculate the variation are needed. The rest of the exercises in Unit II cover many of the further ways to think about and calculate the variation in a distribution. BACKGROUND NOTE The researchers who reported the information below were studying the physical activity of women who had survived breast cancer. The women in the study self-reported their levels of physical activity (i.e., their activities were not observed by the researchers). EXCERPT FROM THE RESEARCH ARTICLE¹ Table 1 Physical Activity (Mean Hours/Day Averaged over 7 Days) Activity Level Sleep Light physical activity Moderate physical activity Hard physical activity Very hard physical activity M 7.35 8.71 3.36 .78 .14 Range 5.5-8.8 3.0-16.0 71-8.3 0-4.1 0-1.05 NOTE 1 Lindsey, A. M., Waltman, N., Gross, G., Ott, C. D., & Twiss, J. (2004). Cancer risk-reduction behaviors of breast cancer survivors. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 26, 872-890. Reprinted by Permission of SAGE Publications, Inc.
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