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In which of the following cases would recrystallization be favored over extraction when purifying a mixture of two solid compounds? I. When the desired compound is freely soluble in the solvent pair at all temperatures. II. When a significant difference in pKa exists between the two compounds. II. When there is a significant excess of the undesired compound.

In which of the following cases would recrystallization be favored over extraction when purifying a mixture of two solid compounds? I. When the desired compound is freely soluble in the solvent pair at all temperatures. II. When a significant difference in pKa exists between the two compounds. II. When there is a significant excess of the undesired compound.

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
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**Purification Techniques in Chemistry** **Question: In which of the following cases would recrystallization be favored over extraction when purifying a mixture of two solid compounds?** I. When the desired compound is freely soluble in the solvent pair at all temperatures. II. When a significant difference in pKa exists between the two compounds. III. When there is a significant excess of the undesired compound. **Options:** - A. I and III - B. II - C. II and III - D. I and II - E. I, II, and III - F. None of the above In answering this question, it's important to consider the principles behind recrystallization and extraction. Recrystallization is typically favored when you want to purify a compound by taking advantage of its varying solubility in a solvent at different temperatures. Extraction is often used when you need to separate compounds based on their differing solubilities in two immiscible liquids or their acid-base properties. **Detailed Analysis:** - **I.** Recrystallization would not be favored if the desired compound is freely soluble in the solvent pair at all temperatures, as this would not allow for the selective crystallization of the compound. - **II.** A significant difference in pKa between the two compounds is more beneficial for purification via extraction rather than recrystallization. - **III.** If there is a significant excess of the undesired compound, extraction might be more effective, as it can efficiently separate a large amount of impurity. Thus, correctly identifying when recrystallization is the most suitable purification technique depends on recognizing the conditions under which it is most effective. **Correct Answer:** - **F. None of the above** Recrystallization is not favored in any of the cases described in options I, II, and III. Each scenario either does not align with the optimal conditions for recrystallization or suggests that another method, such as extraction, would be more effective.
Transcribed Image Text:**Purification Techniques in Chemistry** **Question: In which of the following cases would recrystallization be favored over extraction when purifying a mixture of two solid compounds?** I. When the desired compound is freely soluble in the solvent pair at all temperatures. II. When a significant difference in pKa exists between the two compounds. III. When there is a significant excess of the undesired compound. **Options:** - A. I and III - B. II - C. II and III - D. I and II - E. I, II, and III - F. None of the above In answering this question, it's important to consider the principles behind recrystallization and extraction. Recrystallization is typically favored when you want to purify a compound by taking advantage of its varying solubility in a solvent at different temperatures. Extraction is often used when you need to separate compounds based on their differing solubilities in two immiscible liquids or their acid-base properties. **Detailed Analysis:** - **I.** Recrystallization would not be favored if the desired compound is freely soluble in the solvent pair at all temperatures, as this would not allow for the selective crystallization of the compound. - **II.** A significant difference in pKa between the two compounds is more beneficial for purification via extraction rather than recrystallization. - **III.** If there is a significant excess of the undesired compound, extraction might be more effective, as it can efficiently separate a large amount of impurity. Thus, correctly identifying when recrystallization is the most suitable purification technique depends on recognizing the conditions under which it is most effective. **Correct Answer:** - **F. None of the above** Recrystallization is not favored in any of the cases described in options I, II, and III. Each scenario either does not align with the optimal conditions for recrystallization or suggests that another method, such as extraction, would be more effective.
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