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In this chapter, you have seen that the voltage of an electrochemical cell is sensitive to the concentrations of the reactants and products in the cell. As a result, electrochemical cells can be used to measure the concentrations of certain species in solution. For example, the voltage of an electrochemical cell based on the reaction H,(g) + Cư"(aq) → 2H* + Cu(s) is sensitive to both the Cư concentration and the H* concentration in solution. If the H* concentration is held constant, then the voltage only depends on the Cư** concentration, and we can use the cell to measure the Cut concentration in an unknown solution. The tabulated data show the a. Construct a graph of the measured voltage versus the the cop- per concentration. Is the graph linear? b. Determine how you might manipulate the data to produce a linear graph. (Hint: See the Nernst equation.) c. Reconstruct a graph of the data using the method to produce a linear graph from part b. Determine the slope and y-intercept of the best-fitting line to the points in your graph. Could you have predicted the slope and intercept from the Nernst equation? d. The voltage of two unknown solutions are measured and recorded. Use the slope and intercept from part c to determine the Cu* concentrations of the unknown solutions. measured voltage in the hydrogen/copper electrochemical cell just discussed for several Cu concentrations. Examine the data and an- swer the questions that follow. [Cu**] Voltage (V) Unknown Cu²+ Solution Voltage (V) 0.100 0.310 0.303 0.200 0.319 ii 0.338 0.300 0.325 0.400 0.328 0.500 0.331 0.700 0.335 1.00 0.340

In this chapter, you have seen that the voltage of an electrochemical cell is sensitive to the concentrations of the reactants and products in the cell. As a result, electrochemical cells can be used to measure the concentrations of certain species in solution. For example, the voltage of an electrochemical cell based on the reaction H,(g) + Cư"(aq) → 2H* + Cu(s) is sensitive to both the Cư concentration and the H* concentration in solution. If the H* concentration is held constant, then the voltage only depends on the Cư** concentration, and we can use the cell to measure the Cut concentration in an unknown solution. The tabulated data show the a. Construct a graph of the measured voltage versus the the cop- per concentration. Is the graph linear? b. Determine how you might manipulate the data to produce a linear graph. (Hint: See the Nernst equation.) c. Reconstruct a graph of the data using the method to produce a linear graph from part b. Determine the slope and y-intercept of the best-fitting line to the points in your graph. Could you have predicted the slope and intercept from the Nernst equation? d. The voltage of two unknown solutions are measured and recorded. Use the slope and intercept from part c to determine the Cu* concentrations of the unknown solutions. measured voltage in the hydrogen/copper electrochemical cell just discussed for several Cu concentrations. Examine the data and an- swer the questions that follow. [Cu**] Voltage (V) Unknown Cu²+ Solution Voltage (V) 0.100 0.310 0.303 0.200 0.319 ii 0.338 0.300 0.325 0.400 0.328 0.500 0.331 0.700 0.335 1.00 0.340

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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In this chapter, you have seen that the voltage of an electrochemical cell is sensitive to the concentrations of the reactants and products in the cell. As a result, electrochemical cells can be used to measure the concentrations of certain species in solution. For example, the voltage of an electrochemical cell based on the reaction H,(g) + Cư"(aq) → 2H* + Cu(s) is sensitive to both the Cư concentration and the H* concentration in solution. If the H* concentration is held constant, then the voltage only depends on the Cư** concentration, and we can use the cell to measure the Cut concentration in an unknown solution. The tabulated data show the a. Construct a graph of the measured voltage versus the the cop- per concentration. Is the graph linear? b. Determine how you might manipulate the data to produce a linear graph. (Hint: See the Nernst equation.) c. Reconstruct a graph of the data using the method to produce a linear graph from part b. Determine the slope and y-intercept of the best-fitting line to the points in your graph. Could you have predicted the slope and intercept from the Nernst equation? d. The voltage of two unknown solutions are measured and recorded. Use the slope and intercept from part c to determine the Cu* concentrations of the unknown solutions. measured voltage in the hydrogen/copper electrochemical cell just discussed for several Cu concentrations. Examine the data and an- swer the questions that follow. [Cu**] Voltage (V) Unknown Cu²+ Solution Voltage (V) 0.100 0.310 0.303 0.200 0.319 ii 0.338 0.300 0.325 0.400 0.328 0.500 0.331 0.700 0.335 1.00 0.340
Transcribed Image Text:In this chapter, you have seen that the voltage of an electrochemical cell is sensitive to the concentrations of the reactants and products in the cell. As a result, electrochemical cells can be used to measure the concentrations of certain species in solution. For example, the voltage of an electrochemical cell based on the reaction H,(g) + Cư"(aq) → 2H* + Cu(s) is sensitive to both the Cư concentration and the H* concentration in solution. If the H* concentration is held constant, then the voltage only depends on the Cư** concentration, and we can use the cell to measure the Cut concentration in an unknown solution. The tabulated data show the a. Construct a graph of the measured voltage versus the the cop- per concentration. Is the graph linear? b. Determine how you might manipulate the data to produce a linear graph. (Hint: See the Nernst equation.) c. Reconstruct a graph of the data using the method to produce a linear graph from part b. Determine the slope and y-intercept of the best-fitting line to the points in your graph. Could you have predicted the slope and intercept from the Nernst equation? d. The voltage of two unknown solutions are measured and recorded. Use the slope and intercept from part c to determine the Cu* concentrations of the unknown solutions. measured voltage in the hydrogen/copper electrochemical cell just discussed for several Cu concentrations. Examine the data and an- swer the questions that follow. [Cu**] Voltage (V) Unknown Cu²+ Solution Voltage (V) 0.100 0.310 0.303 0.200 0.319 ii 0.338 0.300 0.325 0.400 0.328 0.500 0.331 0.700 0.335 1.00 0.340
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