Answered: In thermodynamics, a distinction is…

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1MA

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In thermodynamics, a distinction is made between functions that are state functions and others that are are not state functions.

Explain what the term state function means and give an example of one state function and an example of a thermodynamic function that is not a state function. Illustrate with equations for isobaric, isochoric and adiabatic change of temperature of an ideal gas, what it means for changes in both types ofthermodynamic functions and comment on it.

Expert Solution

Step 1

introduction;

state function is also know as point function in thermodynamics. state function define the state of the system. state function only depend on final and initial position of the system. it doesn't depend on the path of the system.

example;

(1)

state function (or) point function= internal energy(U) , entropy(S)

$i n t e r n a l e n e r g y a n d e n t r o p y f u n c t i o n o f t e m p e r a t u r e . i n t e r n a l e n e r g y (U) = m C_{v} * T$

$i n t e r n a l e n e r g y (d U) = U_{2} - U_{1} = m C_{v} (T_{2} - T_{1}) w h e r e; T_{2} = f i n a l t e m p e r a t u r e o f s y s t e m T_{1} = i n i t i a l t e m p e r a t u r e o f s y s t e m U_{2} = f i n a l p o s i t i o n o f s y s t e m U_{1} = i n i t i a l p o s i t i o n o f s y s t e m$

and;

(2)

$e n t r o p y (d S) = S_{2} - S_{1} = m C_{v} \ln (\frac{T_{2}}{T_{1}}) + m R * \ln (\frac{V_{2}}{V_{1}})$

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