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Ammonia in a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes two processes in series. Initially, the ammonia is saturated vapour at P₁=1000 kPa. Process 1-2 involves cooling until the piston meets the stops where the position is locked in place at which time quality is x2=75%. The second process from state 2 to state 3, involves heating (at constant volume) until x3=100%. If the mass is 0.45 kg determine: The heat transfer for process 2-3 (in kJ). Sketch the processes on a p-v diagram, what does the area under the curve represent?

Ammonia in a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes two processes in series. Initially, the ammonia is saturated vapour at P₁=1000 kPa. Process 1-2 involves cooling until the piston meets the stops where the position is locked in place at which time quality is x2=75%. The second process from state 2 to state 3, involves heating (at constant volume) until x3=100%. If the mass is 0.45 kg determine: The heat transfer for process 2-3 (in kJ). Sketch the processes on a p-v diagram, what does the area under the curve represent?

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
ChapterMA: Math Assessment
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1MA
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Explain how you find the P3 and U3 as well for the heat transfer within 2-3

Ammonia in a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes two processes in series. Initially, the ammonia is saturated vapour at P₁=1000 kPa. Process 1-2 involves cooling until the piston meets the stops where the position is locked in place at which time quality is x2=75%. The second process from state 2 to state 3, involves heating (at constant volume) until x3=100%. If the mass is 0.45 kg determine: The heat transfer for process 2-3 (in kJ). Sketch the processes on a p-v diagram, what does the area under the curve represent?
Transcribed Image Text:Ammonia in a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes two processes in series. Initially, the ammonia is saturated vapour at P₁=1000 kPa. Process 1-2 involves cooling until the piston meets the stops where the position is locked in place at which time quality is x2=75%. The second process from state 2 to state 3, involves heating (at constant volume) until x3=100%. If the mass is 0.45 kg determine: The heat transfer for process 2-3 (in kJ). Sketch the processes on a p-v diagram, what does the area under the curve represent?
Pressure Conversions: Properties of Saturated Ammonia (Liquid-Vapor): Temperature Table 1 bar = 0.1 MPa Specific Volume Internal Energy = 10² kPa m³/kg kJ/kg Temp. °C -30 1.1950 1.4757 -28 1.3159 1.4812 -26 -22 -20 -8 -6 -50 0.4086 -43.94 1.4245 2.6265 1.4367 2.0060 -22.03 -45 0.5453 -40 0.7174 1.4493 1.5524 -0.10 -36 0.8850 1.4597 1.2757 17.47 35.09 -32 1.0832 1.4703 1.0561 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 Press. bar 8 10 1.4465 1.7390 1.9019 20 24 28 Sat. Liquid Uf X 10² -18 2.0769 -16 1.5096 0.5739 97.36 1301.25 2.2644 1.5155 0.5291 106.36 1303.23 -14 2.4652 1.5215 0.4885 115.37 1305.17 -12 2.6798 1.5276 0.4516 124.42 1307.08 -10 2.9089 1.5338 0.4180 133.50 1308.95 4.6270 4.9773 5.3479 0.9634 0.8803 1.4867 0.8056 1.4980 0.6780 1.5038 0.6233 3.1532 1.5400 3.4134 1.5464 3.6901 1.5528 3.9842 1.5594 4.2962 1.5660 Sat. Vapor Ug 32 12.380 36 13.896 40 15.549 17.819 45 50 20.331 1.5727 1.5796 1.5866 6.5890 1.6081 12 16 7.5324 1.6231 8.5762 1.6386 9.7274 1.6547 10.993 1.6714 Sat. Liquid UF 5.7395 1.5936 0.2195 6.1529 1.6008 0.2054 0.2514 0.2348 0.3874 142.60 1310.78 151.74 1312.57 0.3595 0.3340 0.3106 170.07 160.88 1314.32 1316.04 0.2892 179.29 1317.71 43.93 1288.63 52.78 1290.82 61.65 1292.97 79.46 1297.18 88.40 1299.23 0.2695 188.53 0.1923 0.1691 0.1492 0.1320 0.1172 Sat. Sat. Sat. Vapor Liquid Liquid Ug h₁ Sf 1264.99 -43.88 1416.20 1372.32 -0.1922 1271.19 -21.95 1402.52 1380.57 -0.0951 1277.20 0.00 1388.56 1388.56 0.0000 1281.87 17.60 1377.17 1394.77 1286.41 35.25 1365.55 1400.81 1319.34 197.80 1320.92 1322.47 207.10 216.42 1323.96 225.77 1325.42 Enthalpy kJ/kg 143.09 152.26 161.46 170.69 179.96 Evap. hig 44.10 1359.65 1403.75 52.97 1353.68 1406.66 61.86 1347.65 1409.51 79.72 1335.36 1415.08 88.68 1329.10 1417.79 235.14 1326.82 253.95 1329.48 272.86 1331.94 291.84 1334.19 1336.20 312.75 310.92 Sat. Vapor hg 97.68 1322.77 1420.45 106.70 1316.35 1423.05 115.75 1309.86 1425.61 124.83 1303.28 1428.11 133.94 1296.61 1430.55 1289.86 1432.95 1283.02 1435.28 1276.10 1437.56 1269.08 1439.78 1261.97 1441.94 189.26 1254.77 1444.03 198.59 1247.48 1446.07 207.95 1240.09 1448.04 217.34 1232.61 1449.94 226.75 1225.03 1451.78 1217.35 1453.55 236.20 255.18 1201.70 274.26 1185.64 1459.90 293.45 1169.16 1462.61 1152.24 1465.00 Entropy kJ/kg. K 1.6887 0.1043 330.07 1134.87 1467.03 1337.97 332.17 1.7068 0.0930 349.32 1339.47 351.69 1117.00 1468.70 1.7256 0.0831 368.67 1340.70 371.35 1098.62 1469.97 393.01 1341.81 396.13 1074.84 1470.96 417.56 1342.42 421.17 1050.09 1471.26 1.7503 0.0725 1.7765 0.0634 Sat. Vapor 5g 6.0523 5.9557 0.0747 5.8819 0.1484 5.8111 0.2572 0.3287 0.3642 6.1543 -50 0.1849 5.7767 0.2212 5.7430 5.7100 5.6457 5.6144 0.5734 5.4380 0.6077 5.4103 0.6418 5.3831 0.6759 5.3562 0.7097 5.3298 0.9099 5.1791 1456.87 0.9755 5.1314 1.0404 5.0849 1.1048 5.0394 1.1686 4.9948 0.7435 5.3038 0.7770 5.2781 0.8105 5.2529 0.8438 5.2279 0.8769 5.2033 0.3994 5.5837 0.4346 5.5536 0.4695 5.5239 -14 0.5043 5.4948 -12 0.5389 5.4662 -10 Temp. °℃ 1.2319 4.9509 1.2946 4.9078 1.3569 4.8652 1.4341 4.8125 1.5109 4.7604 -45 -40 -36 -32 -30 -28 -26 -22 -20 -18 -16 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 26048 12 16 28 32 36 40 45 50
Transcribed Image Text:Pressure Conversions: Properties of Saturated Ammonia (Liquid-Vapor): Temperature Table 1 bar = 0.1 MPa Specific Volume Internal Energy = 10² kPa m³/kg kJ/kg Temp. °C -30 1.1950 1.4757 -28 1.3159 1.4812 -26 -22 -20 -8 -6 -50 0.4086 -43.94 1.4245 2.6265 1.4367 2.0060 -22.03 -45 0.5453 -40 0.7174 1.4493 1.5524 -0.10 -36 0.8850 1.4597 1.2757 17.47 35.09 -32 1.0832 1.4703 1.0561 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 Press. bar 8 10 1.4465 1.7390 1.9019 20 24 28 Sat. Liquid Uf X 10² -18 2.0769 -16 1.5096 0.5739 97.36 1301.25 2.2644 1.5155 0.5291 106.36 1303.23 -14 2.4652 1.5215 0.4885 115.37 1305.17 -12 2.6798 1.5276 0.4516 124.42 1307.08 -10 2.9089 1.5338 0.4180 133.50 1308.95 4.6270 4.9773 5.3479 0.9634 0.8803 1.4867 0.8056 1.4980 0.6780 1.5038 0.6233 3.1532 1.5400 3.4134 1.5464 3.6901 1.5528 3.9842 1.5594 4.2962 1.5660 Sat. Vapor Ug 32 12.380 36 13.896 40 15.549 17.819 45 50 20.331 1.5727 1.5796 1.5866 6.5890 1.6081 12 16 7.5324 1.6231 8.5762 1.6386 9.7274 1.6547 10.993 1.6714 Sat. Liquid UF 5.7395 1.5936 0.2195 6.1529 1.6008 0.2054 0.2514 0.2348 0.3874 142.60 1310.78 151.74 1312.57 0.3595 0.3340 0.3106 170.07 160.88 1314.32 1316.04 0.2892 179.29 1317.71 43.93 1288.63 52.78 1290.82 61.65 1292.97 79.46 1297.18 88.40 1299.23 0.2695 188.53 0.1923 0.1691 0.1492 0.1320 0.1172 Sat. Sat. Sat. Vapor Liquid Liquid Ug h₁ Sf 1264.99 -43.88 1416.20 1372.32 -0.1922 1271.19 -21.95 1402.52 1380.57 -0.0951 1277.20 0.00 1388.56 1388.56 0.0000 1281.87 17.60 1377.17 1394.77 1286.41 35.25 1365.55 1400.81 1319.34 197.80 1320.92 1322.47 207.10 216.42 1323.96 225.77 1325.42 Enthalpy kJ/kg 143.09 152.26 161.46 170.69 179.96 Evap. hig 44.10 1359.65 1403.75 52.97 1353.68 1406.66 61.86 1347.65 1409.51 79.72 1335.36 1415.08 88.68 1329.10 1417.79 235.14 1326.82 253.95 1329.48 272.86 1331.94 291.84 1334.19 1336.20 312.75 310.92 Sat. Vapor hg 97.68 1322.77 1420.45 106.70 1316.35 1423.05 115.75 1309.86 1425.61 124.83 1303.28 1428.11 133.94 1296.61 1430.55 1289.86 1432.95 1283.02 1435.28 1276.10 1437.56 1269.08 1439.78 1261.97 1441.94 189.26 1254.77 1444.03 198.59 1247.48 1446.07 207.95 1240.09 1448.04 217.34 1232.61 1449.94 226.75 1225.03 1451.78 1217.35 1453.55 236.20 255.18 1201.70 274.26 1185.64 1459.90 293.45 1169.16 1462.61 1152.24 1465.00 Entropy kJ/kg. K 1.6887 0.1043 330.07 1134.87 1467.03 1337.97 332.17 1.7068 0.0930 349.32 1339.47 351.69 1117.00 1468.70 1.7256 0.0831 368.67 1340.70 371.35 1098.62 1469.97 393.01 1341.81 396.13 1074.84 1470.96 417.56 1342.42 421.17 1050.09 1471.26 1.7503 0.0725 1.7765 0.0634 Sat. Vapor 5g 6.0523 5.9557 0.0747 5.8819 0.1484 5.8111 0.2572 0.3287 0.3642 6.1543 -50 0.1849 5.7767 0.2212 5.7430 5.7100 5.6457 5.6144 0.5734 5.4380 0.6077 5.4103 0.6418 5.3831 0.6759 5.3562 0.7097 5.3298 0.9099 5.1791 1456.87 0.9755 5.1314 1.0404 5.0849 1.1048 5.0394 1.1686 4.9948 0.7435 5.3038 0.7770 5.2781 0.8105 5.2529 0.8438 5.2279 0.8769 5.2033 0.3994 5.5837 0.4346 5.5536 0.4695 5.5239 -14 0.5043 5.4948 -12 0.5389 5.4662 -10 Temp. °℃ 1.2319 4.9509 1.2946 4.9078 1.3569 4.8652 1.4341 4.8125 1.5109 4.7604 -45 -40 -36 -32 -30 -28 -26 -22 -20 -18 -16 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 26048 12 16 28 32 36 40 45 50
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