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In the first upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider, each of the colliding
proton beams was designed to reach an energy of 7 TeV (7 × 10'2 eV). What
is the corresponding Lorentz y -factor and what is u/c for a proton beam of
this energy, given that in special relativity the total energy E is given by E =
ymc2, where m is the rest mass?

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