In the final step of the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to regenerate the oxaloacetate necessary for the entry of acetyl-CoA into the cycle: malate+ NAD oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ AG=+30.0 kJ/mol (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 25 °C. (b) Because AG assumes a standard pH of 7.0, the expression for the equilibrium constant does not include the expression for H+. The measured concentration of malate in rat liver mitochondria is about 0.20 mM when the NAD+/NADH ratio is 10. Calculate the concentration of oxaloacetate under these conditions. (c) Assuming that the mitochondrion can be modeled as a sphere with a diameter of 2.0 μm, calculate the number of OAA molecules present in a single rat liver mitochondrion.
In the final step of the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to regenerate the oxaloacetate necessary for the entry of acetyl-CoA into the cycle: malate+ NAD oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ AG=+30.0 kJ/mol (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 25 °C. (b) Because AG assumes a standard pH of 7.0, the expression for the equilibrium constant does not include the expression for H+. The measured concentration of malate in rat liver mitochondria is about 0.20 mM when the NAD+/NADH ratio is 10. Calculate the concentration of oxaloacetate under these conditions. (c) Assuming that the mitochondrion can be modeled as a sphere with a diameter of 2.0 μm, calculate the number of OAA molecules present in a single rat liver mitochondrion.
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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This was glossed over super quick in class. Extra help would be great
![**Title: Understanding the Final Step of the Citric Acid Cycle**
**Course: BCH 3023C Biochemistry**
**Module: Mitochondrial [OAA]**
In the final step of the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to regenerate oxaloacetate, which is essential for the entry of acetyl-CoA into the cycle. The reaction is as follows:
\[ \text{malate} + \text{NAD}^+ \rightleftharpoons \text{oxaloacetate} + \text{NADH} + \text{H}^+ \]
Standard Gibbs free energy change is given by:
\[ \Delta G^\circ = +30.0 \, \text{kJ/mol} \]
**Problem Statements:**
(a) *Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 25 °C.*
(b) *Given that \(\Delta G^\circ\) assumes a standard pH of 7.0, the equilibrium constant does not include the expression for \(\text{H}^+\). The measured concentration of malate in rat liver mitochondria is about 0.20 mM when the \(\text{NAD}^+/\text{NADH}\) ratio is 10. Calculate the concentration of oxaloacetate under these conditions.*
(c) *Assuming that the mitochondrion can be modeled as a sphere with a diameter of 2.0 μm, calculate the number of OAA molecules present in a single rat liver mitochondrion.*
**Discussion:**
This module covers the biochemical significance of the citric acid cycle's final step, focusing on the thermodynamics and cellular concentration dynamics within the mitochondria. We explore both theoretical and practical calculations to understand the concepts thoroughly.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff99f627c-fb30-4eda-a4b4-43a4443b7001%2F0fc82063-cbeb-4546-ac11-520bdeff6ad1%2Fo5f92zs_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Understanding the Final Step of the Citric Acid Cycle**
**Course: BCH 3023C Biochemistry**
**Module: Mitochondrial [OAA]**
In the final step of the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to regenerate oxaloacetate, which is essential for the entry of acetyl-CoA into the cycle. The reaction is as follows:
\[ \text{malate} + \text{NAD}^+ \rightleftharpoons \text{oxaloacetate} + \text{NADH} + \text{H}^+ \]
Standard Gibbs free energy change is given by:
\[ \Delta G^\circ = +30.0 \, \text{kJ/mol} \]
**Problem Statements:**
(a) *Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 25 °C.*
(b) *Given that \(\Delta G^\circ\) assumes a standard pH of 7.0, the equilibrium constant does not include the expression for \(\text{H}^+\). The measured concentration of malate in rat liver mitochondria is about 0.20 mM when the \(\text{NAD}^+/\text{NADH}\) ratio is 10. Calculate the concentration of oxaloacetate under these conditions.*
(c) *Assuming that the mitochondrion can be modeled as a sphere with a diameter of 2.0 μm, calculate the number of OAA molecules present in a single rat liver mitochondrion.*
**Discussion:**
This module covers the biochemical significance of the citric acid cycle's final step, focusing on the thermodynamics and cellular concentration dynamics within the mitochondria. We explore both theoretical and practical calculations to understand the concepts thoroughly.
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