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In the figure shown below, what streams are represented by point A? By point B? How would you determine the temperature of stage 2? How about the temperature in the reboiler? If feed composition is as shown, how can the liquid composition on the optimum feed stage be so much less than z? The MVC subscript means more volatile component, or the light key.

In the figure shown below, what streams are represented by point A? By point B? How would you determine the temperature of stage 2? How about the temperature in the reboiler? If feed composition is as shown, how can the liquid composition on the optimum feed stage be so much less than z? The MVC subscript means more volatile component, or the light key.

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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In the figure shown, the streams represented by point A are the vapor compositions at equilibrium with the liquid compositions on the stage below. By point B, the streams represent the liquid compositions at equilibrium with the vapor compositions on the stage above. The temperature of stage 2 can be determined by using the temperature-composition (T-x,y) diagram for the system, identifying the bubble point and dew point for the corresponding composition. The temperature in the reboiler can be found similarly, by locating the composition in the reboiler and referencing the T-x,y diagram. If the feed composition is as shown, the liquid composition on the optimum feed stage can be significantly less than z due to the change in boiling point of the mixture; distillation leverages the relative volatility between components, where more volatile components vaporize preferentially. The graph in the diagram is a McCabe-Thiele diagram, plotting the liquid mole fraction (\(x_{MVC}\)) versus the vapor mole fraction (\(y_{MVC}\)) for the more volatile component, known as the light key. The diagonal line represents y = x, and the curve indicates the equilibrium line. The steps on the diagram represent the stages of separation (or trays) in the column, showing the path of the operating lines intersecting with the equilibrium curve. Terms: - \(x_B\): Mole fraction of MVC in the bottoms. - \(x_D\): Mole fraction of MVC in the distillate. - \(z\): Mole fraction of MVC in the feed. - \(R\): Reflux ratio line point. - Points 1 to 5: Stage-by-stage calculations showing equilibrium steps.
Transcribed Image Text:In the figure shown, the streams represented by point A are the vapor compositions at equilibrium with the liquid compositions on the stage below. By point B, the streams represent the liquid compositions at equilibrium with the vapor compositions on the stage above. The temperature of stage 2 can be determined by using the temperature-composition (T-x,y) diagram for the system, identifying the bubble point and dew point for the corresponding composition. The temperature in the reboiler can be found similarly, by locating the composition in the reboiler and referencing the T-x,y diagram. If the feed composition is as shown, the liquid composition on the optimum feed stage can be significantly less than z due to the change in boiling point of the mixture; distillation leverages the relative volatility between components, where more volatile components vaporize preferentially. The graph in the diagram is a McCabe-Thiele diagram, plotting the liquid mole fraction (\(x_{MVC}\)) versus the vapor mole fraction (\(y_{MVC}\)) for the more volatile component, known as the light key. The diagonal line represents y = x, and the curve indicates the equilibrium line. The steps on the diagram represent the stages of separation (or trays) in the column, showing the path of the operating lines intersecting with the equilibrium curve. Terms: - \(x_B\): Mole fraction of MVC in the bottoms. - \(x_D\): Mole fraction of MVC in the distillate. - \(z\): Mole fraction of MVC in the feed. - \(R\): Reflux ratio line point. - Points 1 to 5: Stage-by-stage calculations showing equilibrium steps.
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