In testing the hypotheses H0​:p​ = 0.48 vs. Ha​: p​ > 0.48, the​ p-value is found to be​ .0712, with a sample proportion of 0.58. Which of the following statements is true about the​ p-value?   A. The probability of observing a sample proportion larger than 0.48 from a population with true proportion 0.58 is .0712.   B. The probability of observing a sample proportion larger than 0.58 if the true proportion is actually 0.48 is .0712.   C. Since the​ p-value is larger than the difference between 0.48 and 0.58 we should reject the null hypothesis.   D. The probability of observing a population proportion larger than 0.58 if the true proportion is actually 0.48 is .0712.

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.