In some reactions there is a competition between kinetic control and thermodynamic control over product yields. Suppose compound A can undergo two elementary reac- tions to stable products: ki A 2 B or A 2 C k-1 k-2 For simplicity we assume first-order kinetics for both for- ward and reverse reactions. We take the numerical values ki = 1 x 10° s1, k-1 = 1 x 10² s!, k2 = 1 x 10° s-!, and k-2 = 1 x 10ª s!. (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for the equilibrium From this value, give the ratio of the concentration of B to that of C at equilibrium. This is an example of thermodynamic control. (b) In the case of kinetic control, the products are isolated (or undergo additional reaction) before the back reac- tions can take place. Suppose the back reactions in the preceding example (k-1 and k-2) can be ignored. Cal- culate the concentration ratio of B to C reached in this case.

In some reactions there is a competition between kinetic control and thermodynamic control over product yields. Suppose compound A can undergo two elementary reac- tions to stable products: ki A 2 B or A 2 C k-1 k-2 For simplicity we assume first-order kinetics for both for- ward and reverse reactions. We take the numerical values ki = 1 x 10° s1, k-1 = 1 x 10² s!, k2 = 1 x 10° s-!, and k-2 = 1 x 10ª s!. (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for the equilibrium From this value, give the ratio of the concentration of B to that of C at equilibrium. This is an example of thermodynamic control. (b) In the case of kinetic control, the products are isolated (or undergo additional reaction) before the back reac- tions can take place. Suppose the back reactions in the preceding example (k-1 and k-2) can be ignored. Cal- culate the concentration ratio of B to C reached in this case.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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