Answered: In Northern Italy, the Crusades and…

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Directions:("JUST ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS DON'T HAVE TO EXPLAIN AND CAN YOU TRY TO KEEP THE ANSWER SHORT" THANK YOU )!! 1. In Northern Italy, the Crusades and Mongol Empire led to increased trade and the outbreak of the plague caused a demand for labor. Florence became an important center for wool cloth production and a financial center with the help of its wealthy merchants, artisans, and the Medici family's bank. The Medici family accumulated great wealth and controlled the government while Florence continued to thrive as a center of commerce and cultural advancements in art and architecture. 1. Why do you think the Crusades and Mongol Empire led to the rise of Florence? 2.During the Medieval period, art was seen as a trade and was limited to biblical depictions commissioned by the church. These works were simple and relied on symbolism. The Renaissance in Italy, with its wealthy patrons, brought about a new approach to art with a focus on realism and intellectual pursuits. This led to advancements in techniques such as perspective and shading, resulting in highly realistic paintings and sculptures that showed human emotion, movement, and space in a new way. Artists like Botticelli, Michelangelo, and Leonardo da Vinci paved the way for this new style of art. 2. In what ways did the art of the Renaissance in Italy depart from the art of the Medieval period ? 3. In the Renaissance period, literature became more realistic with a focus on human emotions. Authors wrote in their own language instead of Latin and produced works that were filled with feelings. The revival of knowledge from Greek manuscripts sparked a renewed interest in subjects like mathematics, medicine, geography, and science, leading to the growth of colleges and the development of universities. 3. How did the Renaissance influence literature and education? 4. During the Medieval period in Europe, the main focus of intellectuals was religion and the pursuit of salvation. During the Renaissance, a new intellectual movement called Humanism emerged. Humanists believed that individuals could live a fulfilling life and still be devoted to the r religion. They studied subjects like history, literature, and philosophy, and valued intellectual curiosity and human potential. 4.How did the ideals of humanism contrast with the religious ideals of salvation? 5. The printing press and moveable type were developed in China and Korea in the 9th to 12th century and later spread to Europe in the 1300s and 1400s. Johann Gutenberg combined these technologies with ink suitable for printing on paper, leading to the efficient production of books. This led to a printing boom in Europe, with 10 million books produced by 1500, which contributed to the growth of Humanism, the development of universities, the Protestant Reformation, and increased literacy. 5. What long term effect do you think the increased access to books and education had on European society? 6. "The Catholic Church was a major source of unity for Europeans during the medieval period, but it changed in the 1500s due to the Renaissance focus on individualism and secular pursuits. Some Catholic clergy members lived extravagantly and alienated themselves from the laity. This, combined with the presence of poorly educated priests, caused widespread frustration among church members. In 1517, Pope Leo X authorized the sale of indulgences to fund the rebuilding of Saint Peter's Cathedral. Indulgences were pardons for sins, leading Catholics to believe they could buy a free pass to heaven. This added to the frustration with the church. 6. What factors led to the frustration with the Catholic Church?

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