In molecular orbital theory, a molecular orbital that is lower in energy than the atomic orbitals used to create it is called a(n) bonding orbital nonbonding orbital degenerate o antibonding orbital o phase
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
please help a bit confused
![### Molecular Orbital Theory
#### Question:
In molecular orbital theory, a molecular orbital that is lower in energy than the atomic orbitals used to create it is called a(n):
1. ○ bonding orbital
2. ○ nonbonding orbital
3. ○ phase
4. ○ degenerate
5. ○ antibonding orbital
#### Explanation:
In molecular orbital theory, orbitals are regions around a nucleus where the probability of finding an electron is high. These orbitals combine in various ways to form molecular orbitals when atoms bond. The correct answer to the question is "bonding orbital". A bonding orbital is a molecular orbital that has lower energy than the atomic orbitals from which it is formed.
### Additional Notes:
- **Bonding Orbital:**
- These orbitals increase the electron density between the nuclei of the bonding atoms, stabilizing the molecule.
- They are lower in energy compared to the isolated atomic orbitals because the in-phase combination of two atomic orbitals results in constructive interference, which lowers the energy.
- **Antibonding Orbital:**
- These have higher energy and are formed when atomic orbitals combine with destructive interference, leading to a decrease in electron density between the nuclei.
- **Nonbonding Orbital:**
- These orbitals are not involved in the bonding between atoms but can be occupied by electrons in the molecule without contributing to bond strength.
- **Phase:**
- Refers to the sign of the wave functions of the orbitals.
- **Degenerate:**
- Refers to orbitals that have the same energy level.
Understanding the differences between these molecular orbital types is crucial in comprehending the bonding and properties of molecules.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ffb6abb0f-4367-447a-ab31-0a44cd95ae50%2F68244e01-2e60-4ef6-8ab2-82b664d0db89%2Fe9us0vl_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 2 images
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Organic Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780078021558/9780078021558_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry: Principles and Reactions](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305079373/9781305079373_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781118431221/9781118431221_smallCoverImage.gif)