Answered: In island radiations we often see the…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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1. In island radiations we often see the following pattern: similar forms found in different species living in similar habitats on different islands. This pattern raises the question: did the form evolve once on a single island in a single species and then spread to multiple islands by dispersal (let’s call this the “dispersal model”)? Or did a single species first disperse to different islands, then ecologically adapt to the many different environments on each (let’s call this the “convergence model”)? A phylogeny can help us identify which of these processes is at play. Considering the three traits shown on this tree, which model appears to have more support: the dispersal model or the convergence model? Explain how you arrived at this conclusion.

Habit Oshrub
tree
Leaf margin
unlobed
Capitula O homogamous
slightly lobed
distinctly lobed
partially heterogamous
O fully heterogamous
S. villosa
S. stewartii
S. atractyloides
S. affinis
S. cordata
S. microcephala
S. crockeri
S. aspera
S. retroflexa
S. helleri
S. pedunculata
S. baurii
S. gordilloi
S. divisa
S. incisa
h
d.
d
a
·bcghD
bc
g
g
dghkI
aef
k
k
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
O Ma
0000 00
00●00 00000
D00

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