In general, how does oxidative deamination differ from transamination?
Enzyme kinetics
In biochemistry, enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the pace of the reaction. Catalysis can be categorized as either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on whether the catalysts are distributed in the same phase as that of the reactants. Enzymes are an essential part of the cell because, without them, many organic processes would slow down and thus will affect the processes that are important for cell survival and sustenance.
Regulation of Enzymes
A substance that acts as a catalyst to regulate the reaction rate in the living organism's metabolic pathways without itself getting altered is an enzyme. Most of the biological reactions and metabolic pathways in the living systems are carried out by enzymes. They are specific for their works and work in particular conditions. It maintains the best possible rate of reaction in the most stable state. The enzymes have distinct properties as they can proceed with the reaction in any direction, their particular binding sites, pH specificity, temperature specificity required in very few amounts.
In general, how does oxidative deamination differ from transamination?
When there is excess of protein or amino acids they can be degraded to ammonia or other compounds. This process is referred to as catabolism of amino acid. Amino acid can be converted or degraded into other compounds or amino acids by several processes like transamination, deamination, and decarboxylation. The majority of this process occurs in the liver and some occurs in the kidney too. And the ammonia generated by this process is toxic which can later be removed by urea cycle.
The major difference between the oxidative deamination and transamination is given by -
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Oxidative deamination |
Transamination |
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It is a process by which the amine group is removed to form ammonia and keto acid. |
It is a process by which the amine group from an amino acid is transferred to a keto acid to form new amino acid and keto acid. |
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The keto acid formed by this process will enter the central pathway of energy metabolism while the ammonia will enter the urea cycle. |
The amino acid formed by this process will either undergo oxidative deamination or be used for synthesis of non-essential amino acids. |
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This process helps to break down the excess proteins. |
This process helps to synthesize new amino acids. |
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This process occurs primarily in the liver and also in the kidney. |
This process occurs in all the cells of the body. |
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Deaminase is the enzyme involved in this process. |
Transaminase or aminotransferase are the enzymes involved in this process. |
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This results in the elimination or removal of ammonia. |
It results in exchange of amine group with keto group. |
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This process is irreversible. |
This process is reversible. |
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Glutamic acid is the primary amino acid which undergoes this process. Because this amino acid is found excess in the body. |
Glutamic acid is the main acid formed by this process. |
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