In an experiment to study the dependence of hypertension on smoking habits, the following data were taken on 180 individuals: Moderate Heavy Nonsmokers Smokers Smokers Нуpertension No hypertension 21 36 30 48 26 19 Test the hypothesis that the presence or absence of hypertension is independent of smoking habits. Use a 0.05 level of significance.
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- A case-control (or retrospective) study was conducted to investigate a relationship between the colors of helmets worn by motorcycle drivers and whether they are injured or killed in a crash. Results are given in the accompanying table. Using a 0.01 significance level, test the claim that injuries are independent of helmet color. D Black Color of Helmet Yellow 32 Blue White 331 Controls (not injured) Red 159 482 100 Cases (injured or 211 109 8 65 47 killed) Click here to view the chi-square distribution table. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. Choose the correct answer below. O A. Ho: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent H₁: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent OB. Ho: Injuries and helmet color are dependent H₁: Injuries and helmet color are independent OC. Ho: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent H₁: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent O D. Ho: Injuries and helmet color are independent H₁: Injuries…Listed below are the lead concentrations in different Ayurveda medicines. Ayurveda is a traditional medical system commonly used in India. The lead concentrations listed here are from medicines manufactured in the United States. Use a significance level to test the claim that the mean lead concentration for all such medicines is less than 14. 3.0,6.5,6.0,5.5,20.5,7.5,12.0,20.5,11.5,17.5Individual actions can play a large role in the overall health of our planet. A researcher interested in evaluating environment friendly behaviors evaluated how often people recycle (per month) based on whether they have an overall optimistic or an overall pessimistic attitude toward eco-friendly behaviors. The results from this hypothetical study are given in the table. Test whether or not recycling behaviors differed between groups using a .05 level of significance. State the value of the test statistics and the decision to retain or reject the null hypothesis. Compute effect size using eta- squared (n^2). Pessimistic Optimistic 3 4 0 9 4 6 2 8 1 9 6 5 3 6 5 8 0 6 5 7
- A poll was conducted to investigate opinions about global warming. The respondents who answered yes when asked if there is solid evidence that the earth is getting warmer were then asked to select a cause of global warming. The results are given in the accompanying data table. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the sex of the respondent is independent of the choice for the cause of global warming. Do men and women appear to agree, or is there a substantial difference? Human activity Natural patterns Don't know Male 310 139 36 Female 335 156 34 Click here to view the chi-square distribution table. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. Họ: The sex of the respondent and the choice for the cause of global warming are independent. H1: The sex of the respondent and the choice for the cause of global warming are dependent. Compute the test statistic. 0.422 (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Find the critical value(s). (Round to three decimal places as needed.…The table below lists body temperatures obtained randomly selected subjects. The temperatures are categorized according to gender and whether the subject uses drug. Using a 0.05 significance level, test for an interaction between gender and usage of drug, test for an effect from gender, and test for an effect from usage of drug. What do you conclude? Use Drug Does Not Use Drug Male 98.4 97.4 96.8 98.2 98.4 97.4 97.4 98.0 Female 98.6 99.3 98.2 98.6 97.0 98.4 97.2 98.7A poll was conducted to investigate opinions about global warming. The respondents who answered yes when asked if there is solid evidence that the earth is getting warmer were then asked to select a cause of global warming. The results are given in the accompanying data table. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the sex of the respondent is independent of the choice for the cause of global warming. Do men and women appear to agree, or is there a substantial difference? Human activity Natural patterns Don't know Male 334 156 48 Female 314 134 44 Click here to view the chi-square distribution table. Но The sex of the respondent and the choice for the cause of global warming are independent. Hy: The sex of the respondent and the choice for the cause of global warming are dependent. Compute the test statistic. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Find the critical value(s). (Round to three decimal places as needed. Use a comma to separate answers as needed.) What is…
- A poll was conducted to investigate opinions about global warming. The respondents who answered yes when asked if there is solid evidence that the earth is getting warmer were then asked to select a cause of global warming. The results are given in the accompanying data table. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sex of the respondent is independent of the choice for the cause of global warming. Do men and women appear to agree, or is there a substantial difference? Human activity Natural patterns Don't know Male 307 173 27 Female 326 148 29 Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. Ho: (1)__________and (2)___________are (3)_____________…Select all that apply: We should reject H0. We should not reject H0. At the 1% significance level, the data do not provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the amount of time American teenagers watch television per week is different from 14.1 hours. At the 1% significance level, the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the amount of time American teenagers watch television per week is different from 14.1 hours.a study of store checkout scanners, 1234 items were checked and 23 checked items were overcharges. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that with scanners, 1% of sales are overchanrges. (Before scanners were used, the overcharge rate was estimated to be about 1%). a. Define the parameter A. mu = The proportion of all sales that are undercharges B. p = The proportion of all sales that are incorrect C. p = The proportion of all sales that are overcharges D. mu = The mean number of sales that are overcharges b. State the null and alternative hypotheses A. Upper H 0 : mu not equals 0.01 Upper H 1 : mu equals 0.01 B. Upper H 0 : p greater than 0.01 Upper H 1 : p equals 0.01 C. Upper H 0 : p equals 0.01 Upper H 1 : p not equals 0.01 D. Upper H 0 : p equals 23 Upper H 1 : p less than 23 c. Calculate the sample proportion ModifyingAbove p…
- A poll was conducted to investigate opinions about global warming. The respondents who answered yes when asked if there is solid evidence that the earth is getting warmer were then asked to select a cause of global warming. The results are given in the accompanying data table. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the sex of the respondent is independent of the choice for the cause of global warming. Do men and women appear to agree, or is there a substantial difference? Human activity Natural patterns Don't know 172 Male 315 55 Female 306 145 57 Click here to view the chi-square distribution table. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. Ho: and are H: and are Chi-square distribution table Area to the Right of the critical value Degrees of Freedom 0.995 0.99 0.975 0.95 0.90 0.10 1 0.001 0.004 0.016 2.706 0.010 0.020 0.051 0.103 0.211 4.605 0.072 0.115 0.216 0.352 0.584 6.251 0.207 0.297 0.484 0.711 1.064 7.779 0.412 0.554 0.831 1.145 1.610 9.236 Click to select…In one study of smokers who tried to quit smoking with nicotine path therapy,38 were smoking one year after the treatment, and 32 were not smoking one year after the treatment. Use a 0.10 significance level to test the claim that among smokers who try to quit with nicotine patch therapy, the majority are smoking a year after the treatment. d. Calculate the test statistic z. Which of these options is closest to z? A. negative 2.02 B. 0.72 C. negative 0.25 D. 2.59 e. Calculate the P-value. Which of these options is closest to the P-value? A. 0.2358 B. 0.2164 C. 0.3359 D. 0.2271 f. State the technical conclusion A. Reject Upper H 0 B. Do not reject Upper H 0 g. State the final conclusion A. There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim. B. There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim.…