In an article in Marketing Science, Silk and Berndt investigate the output of advertising agencies. They describe ad agency output by finding the shares of dollar billing volume coming from various media categories such as network television, spot television, newspapers, radio, and so forth. (a) Suppose that a random sample of 390 U.S. advertising agencies gives an average percentage share of billing volume from network television equal to 7.48 percent, and assume that o equals 1.48 percent. Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for the mean percentage share of billing volume from network television for the population of all U.S. advertising agencies. (Round your answers to 3 decimal places.) The 95 percent confidence interval is (b) Suppose that a random sample of 390 U.S. advertising agencies gives an average percentage share of billing volume from spot television commercials equal to 12.48 percent, and assume that o equals 1.53 percent. Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for the mean percentage share of billing volume from spot television commercials for the population of all U.S. advertising agencies. (Round your answers to 3 decimal places.) The 95 percent confidence interval is

In an article in Marketing Science, Silk and Berndt investigate the output of advertising agencies. They describe ad agency output by finding the shares of dollar billing volume coming from various media categories such as network television, spot television, newspapers, radio, and so forth. (a) Suppose that a random sample of 390 U.S. advertising agencies gives an average percentage share of billing volume from network television equal to 7.48 percent, and assume that o equals 1.48 percent. Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for the mean percentage share of billing volume from network television for the population of all U.S. advertising agencies. (Round your answers to 3 decimal places.) The 95 percent confidence interval is (b) Suppose that a random sample of 390 U.S. advertising agencies gives an average percentage share of billing volume from spot television commercials equal to 12.48 percent, and assume that o equals 1.53 percent. Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for the mean percentage share of billing volume from spot television commercials for the population of all U.S. advertising agencies. (Round your answers to 3 decimal places.) The 95 percent confidence interval is

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Types of Bias

Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative parameter being estimated. According to the actual definition of bias, it refers to the tendency of a statistic to overestimate or underestimate a parameter.

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In an article in Marketing Science, Silk and Berndt investigate the output of advertising agencies. They describe ad agency output by
finding the shares of dollar billing volume coming from various media categories such as network television, spot television,
newspapers, radio, and so forth.
(a) Suppose that a random sample of 390 U.S. advertising agencies gives an average percentage share of billing volume from network
television equal to 7.48 percent, and assume that o equals 1.48 percent. Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for the mean
percentage share of billing volume from network television for the population of all U.S. advertising agencies. (Round your answers to
3 decimal places.)
The 95 percent confidence interval is
(b) Suppose that a random sample of 390 U.S. advertising agencies gives an average percentage share of billing volume from spot
television commercials equal to 12.48 percent, and assume that o equals 1.53 percent. Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for
the mean percentage share of billing volume from spot television commercials for the population of all U.S. advertising agencies.
(Round your answers to 3 decimal places.)
The 95 percent confidence interval is

(c) Compare the confidence intervals in parts a and b. Does it appear that the mean percentage share of billing volume from spot
television commercials for U.S. advertising agencies is greater than the mean percentage share of billing volume from network
television? Explain.
confidence interval in (b) is totally
the confidence interval in (a).

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