In a ventilation system, the diameter of pipe is d=500 mm, the average flow velocity is v=15 m/s, and the air temperature is 40°C (kinematic viscosity v = 0.18 cm²/s ). What type of air flow is in the pipe? If the diameter of pipe is changed to 200mm, what is the maximum average velocity of the pipe to remain a laminar flow?

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Introduction to Engineering Design

Students are often confused with engineering and design. The term engineering design has two words with different meanings, engineering, and design. The term engineering implies applications of laws and principles of science to design and analyze physical structures and components. In civil engineering, students apply the concept of physics and chemistry to design and build structures and buildings. In engineering disciplines, the term design means determining the dimensions, loads, and associated influences on the component due to the applied loads such as stresses and deformations. The estimation of such parameters is crucial to make the component or structure foolproof.