In a T-maze, a rat is given food if it turns left and anelectric shock if it turns right. On the first trial there isa 50–50 chance that a rat will turn either way; then, if itreceives food on the first trial, the probability is 0.68 thatit will turn left on the next trial, and if it receives a shockon the first trial, the probability is 0.84 that it will turn lefton the next trial. What is the probability that a rat willturn left on the second trial?

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In a T-maze, a rat is given food if it turns left and an
electric shock if it turns right. On the first trial there is
a 50–50 chance that a rat will turn either way; then, if it
receives food on the first trial, the probability is 0.68 that
it will turn left on the next trial, and if it receives a shock
on the first trial, the probability is 0.84 that it will turn left
on the next trial. What is the probability that a rat will
turn left on the second trial?

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