In a pure sample of HF, what forces of attraction exist between the molecules? A) dispersion forces only B) dipole-dipole interactions only C) Both dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions D) dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonds

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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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**Question 22 of 34**

**Topic: Intermolecular Forces in Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)**

**Question:**  
In a pure sample of HF, what forces of attraction exist between the molecules?

**Options:**

A) Dispersion forces only

B) Dipole-dipole interactions only

C) Both dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions

D) Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonds

**Explanation:**

This question explores the types of intermolecular forces present in hydrogen fluoride (HF). In a pure sample of HF, the molecules exhibit several types of intermolecular attractions:

- **Dispersion Forces:** Also known as London dispersion forces, these are present in all molecules, including nonpolar ones, due to momentary dipoles created by the motion of electrons.

- **Dipole-Dipole Interactions:** These forces occur between polar molecules like HF, where there is a permanent dipole moment due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine.

- **Hydrogen Bonds:** Particularly strong dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds occur when hydrogen is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom (such as fluorine). HF is a classic example of a molecule capable of hydrogen bonding.

**Answer:** D) Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonds.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question 22 of 34** **Topic: Intermolecular Forces in Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)** **Question:** In a pure sample of HF, what forces of attraction exist between the molecules? **Options:** A) Dispersion forces only B) Dipole-dipole interactions only C) Both dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions D) Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonds **Explanation:** This question explores the types of intermolecular forces present in hydrogen fluoride (HF). In a pure sample of HF, the molecules exhibit several types of intermolecular attractions: - **Dispersion Forces:** Also known as London dispersion forces, these are present in all molecules, including nonpolar ones, due to momentary dipoles created by the motion of electrons. - **Dipole-Dipole Interactions:** These forces occur between polar molecules like HF, where there is a permanent dipole moment due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine. - **Hydrogen Bonds:** Particularly strong dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds occur when hydrogen is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom (such as fluorine). HF is a classic example of a molecule capable of hydrogen bonding. **Answer:** D) Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonds.
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