Heat ### Calculating Standard Enthalpy Change for a ReactionIn a generic chemical reaction involving reactants A and B and products C and D, with coefficients \(aA + bB \rightarrow cC + dD\), the standard enthalpy \(\Delta H^\circ_{\text{rxn}}\) of the reaction is calculated using the equation:\[\Delta H^\circ_{\text{rxn}} = c\Delta H^\circ_f (C) + d\Delta H^\circ_f (D) - a\Delta H^\circ_f (A) - b\Delta H^\circ_f (B)\]Notice that the stoichiometric coefficients \(a, b, c, d\) play a crucial role in this equation. It is generally expressed as the sum over the products minus the sum over the reactants:\[\Delta H^\circ_{\text{rxn}} = \sum_{\text{products}} n \Delta H^\circ_f - \sum_{\text{reactants}} m \Delta H^\circ_f\]where \(m\) and \(n\) represent the appropriate stoichiometric coefficients for each substance.---### Part A**Question:** What is \(\Delta H^\circ_{\text{rxn}}\) for the following chemical reaction?\[ \text{H}_2\text{O}(l) + \text{CCl}_4(l) \rightarrow \text{COCl}_2(g) + 2 \text{HCl}(g) \]You can use the following table of standard heats of formation \(\left(\Delta H^\circ_f\right)\) to calculate the enthalpy of the given reaction.#### Table of Standard Heats of Formation \(\left(\Delta H^\circ_f\right)\)| Element/Compound | Standard Heat of Formation (kJ/mol) ||------------------|-------------------------------------|| H(g) | 218 || H\(_2\)(g) | 0 || CCl\(_4\)(l) | -139.5 || H\(_2\)O(l) | -285.8 || C(g) | 71 || C(s) | 0 || Element/Compound | Standard Heat of Formation (kJ/mol) ||------------------|-------------------------------------

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In a generic chemical reaction involving reactants A and B and products C and D, aA + bB»cC + dD, the standard enthalpy AHn° of the reaction is given by AHn = CAH¢°(C) + DAH£°(D) -aAH;°(A) – bAH;°(B) Notice that the stoichiometric coefficients, a, b, c, d, are an important part of this equation. This formula is often generalized as follows, where the first sum on the right- hand side of the equation is a sum over the products and the second sum is over the reactants: ΔΗ Στοducis nΔΗ; ' -Σeactants mΔΗ ' where m and n represent the appropriate stoichiometric coefficients for each substance. Part A What is AHrm° for the following chemical reaction? H2O(1) + CCL4 (1)→COCl (g) + 2HCI(g) You can use the following table of standard heats of formation (AHỆ°) to calculate the enthalpy of the given reaction. Standard Heat of Standard Heat of Element/ Compound Element/ Compound Formation (kJ/mol) Formation (kJ/mol) H(g) 218 N(g) 473 H2(g) O2 (g) CCL (1) -139.5 O(g) 249 H2O(1) -285.8 HCI(g) -92.30kJ C(g) 71 COC2 (g) -218.8kJ C(s) HNO3 (aq) -206.6 Express the heat of formation to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. > View Available Hint(s) HA Value Units

In a generic chemical reaction involving reactants A and B and products C and D, aA + bB»cC + dD, the standard enthalpy AHn° of the reaction is given by AHn = CAH¢°(C) + DAH£°(D) -aAH;°(A) – bAH;°(B) Notice that the stoichiometric coefficients, a, b, c, d, are an important part of this equation. This formula is often generalized as follows, where the first sum on the right- hand side of the equation is a sum over the products and the second sum is over the reactants: ΔΗ Στοducis nΔΗ; ' -Σeactants mΔΗ ' where m and n represent the appropriate stoichiometric coefficients for each substance. Part A What is AHrm° for the following chemical reaction? H2O(1) + CCL4 (1)→COCl (g) + 2HCI(g) You can use the following table of standard heats of formation (AHỆ°) to calculate the enthalpy of the given reaction. Standard Heat of Standard Heat of Element/ Compound Element/ Compound Formation (kJ/mol) Formation (kJ/mol) H(g) 218 N(g) 473 H2(g) O2 (g) CCL (1) -139.5 O(g) 249 H2O(1) -285.8 HCI(g) -92.30kJ C(g) 71 COC2 (g) -218.8kJ C(s) HNO3 (aq) -206.6 Express the heat of formation to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. > View Available Hint(s) HA Value Units

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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