Answered: In a chemical synapse,a. action…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Related questions

Question

In a chemical synapse,
a. action potentials in the presynaptic terminal cause voltage-gated
Ca2+
channels to open.
b. neurotransmitters can cause ligand-gated Na+ channels to open.
c. neurotransmitters can be broken down by enzymes.
d. neurotransmitters can be taken up by the presynaptic terminal.
e. All of these are correct.

Expert Solution

Step 1

An electrical synapse can be described as a type of synapse that contains channel proteins responsible for connecting two neurons to transmit an electrical signal. In contrast, in a chemical synapse, information is transported from one neuron to another via neurotransmitters.

Step 2

The summarized steps of a chemical synaptic transmission are given below:

Depolarization of presynaptic membrane due to arrival of an action potential.
Action potential hits the axon terminal, causing the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels and allowing calcium entry to enter the cell.
The entry of calcium leads to the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the membrane and release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
The neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) diffuses from the synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptic membrane receptor.
The acetylcholine causes the opening of ligand-gated sodium channels. The released sodium is responsible for depolarizing the postsynaptic membrane.
After the neurotransmission, the neurotransmitter must be removed to prepare the postsynaptic membrane for receiving a new signal. This is done by enzymes called acetylcholinesterase.

Hence, the correct option is e.