In 1910 Rutherford performed a classic experiment in which he directed a beam of alpha particles at a thin gold foil. He unexpectedly observed a few of the particles scattered almost directly backward. This result was not consistent with then current models of atomic structure and led Rutherford to propose the existence of a very dense concentration of positive charge at the center of an atom-the atomic nucleus. The alpha particle has a charge of +2e and the gold nucleus a charge of +79e. Suppose that an alpha particle is initially a great distance from the gold, has a kinetic energy of 5.44 MeV (5.44 x 106 eV), and is headed directly at a gold nucleus. How close will the particle come to the center of the nucleus? Treat the nucleus and the alpha particle as point charges.

In 1910 Rutherford performed a classic experiment in which he directed a beam of alpha particles at a thin gold foil. He unexpectedly observed a few of the particles scattered almost directly backward. This result was not consistent with then current models of atomic structure and led Rutherford to propose the existence of a very dense concentration of positive charge at the center of an atom-the atomic nucleus. The alpha particle has a charge of +2e and the gold nucleus a charge of +79e. Suppose that an alpha particle is initially a great distance from the gold, has a kinetic energy of 5.44 MeV (5.44 x 106 eV), and is headed directly at a gold nucleus. How close will the particle come to the center of the nucleus? Treat the nucleus and the alpha particle as point charges.

Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text

5th Edition

ISBN:9781133104261

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter19: Electric Forces And Electric Fields

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14CQ

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: One particle has a mass of 3.71 x 103 kg and a charge of +7.56 μC. A second particle has a mass of…

A: Here, we are using both law of conservation of energy and law of conservation of momentum.

Q: Two balloons have equal, but opposite sign charges. Balloon A has N = 1 million excess electrons.…

A: Number of electrons on A and B, N = 1 million = 106 Distance, d = 1.6 m

Q: ts such as bees may accumulate a small positive electric charge as they fly. In one experiment, the…

A: We know that we have given that the mean electric charge of 50 bees was measured to be +(30 ± 5)…

Q: chloride ions and two sodium ions are in water, the "effective charge" on the chloride ions (CI) is…

Q: Joann has rubbed a balloon with wool to give it a charge of -1.0 x 10-6 C. She then acquires a…

A: Let the charges are denoted by q1 and q2 and the distance between the charge is denoted by r.

Q: An object has a charge of -5.00 μC. How many excess electrons does it have?

Q: You have a lightweight spring whose unstretched length is 4.0 cm. First, you attach one end of the…

A: Answer:- Given Length of spring (l1) = 4.0 cm = 0.04 m The mass suspended (m) = 2.2 g m = 2.2 ×…

Q: Hydrogen fluoride is a polar molecule with a dipole moment of 1.86 D, where “D” is the non-SI unit…

Q: One particle has a mass of 2.65\times 10^(-3)kg and a charge of 7.60\mu C. A second particle has a…

Q: One particle has a mass of 3.71 x 103 kg and a charge of +7.56 μC. A second particle has a mass of…

A: The objective of the question is to find the initial separation between two charged particles. The…

Q: A point charge, q = +8.00 pC, and mass, m = 2.00 x 10-14 kg starts from rest on a planar, infinite…

Q: A 60-g ball of copper has a net charge of 3 μC. What fraction of the copper's electrons have been…

Q: A 2.0 mm × 4.0 mm flat carpet acquires a uniformly distributed charge of −−10 μC after you and your…

A: Dimensions of carpet are Charge on carpet is Mass of dust particle is Note:Permittivity of free…

Q: Suppose that this device is used on a 20.0-g block of lead, which is held rigidly fixed in place.…

A: The atom as we know has a nucleus that has protons inside of it and electrons revolve around it. The…

Q: Illustrate only the following questions: Two identical, small insulating balls are suspended by…

Q: A small metal bead, labeled A, has a charge of 26 nC . It is touched to metal bead B, initially…

Q: Water has a mass per mole of 18.0 g/mol, and each water molecule (H2O) has 10 electrons. What is the…

A: Given data: Molar mass (M) = 18.0 g/mol Each molecule has No of electrons = 10 electrons Required:…

Q: A conducting spherical shell has inner and outer radii ra = 0.12 m and r = 0.15 m, respectively. As…

Q: Consider three identical metal spheres, A, B, and C. Sphere A carries a charge of +6q. Sphere B…

Q: Problem 8: A conducting sphere of radius r = 0.39 m has a total charge of Q = 1.1 µC. A second…

A: Given that: Radius of sphere 1, r1 = 0.39 m Radius of sphere 2, r2 = 0.49 m Total Charge, Q = 1.1 uC…

Concept explainers

Electric Charges and Fields

One of the fundamental properties is the electromagnetic property. Charge cannot be destroyed by any process and this contributes formally to the law of charge conservation.

Question

In 1910 Rutherford performed a classic experiment in which he directed a beam of alpha particles at a thin gold foil. He unexpectedly observed a few of
the particles scattered almost directly backward. This result was not consistent with then current models of atomic structure and led Rutherford to
propose the existence of a very dense concentration of positive charge at the center of an atom-the atomic nucleus. The alpha particle has a charge of
+2e and the gold nucleus a charge of +79e. Suppose that an alpha particle is initially a great distance from the gold, has a kinetic energy of 5.44 MeV
(5.44 x 106 eV), and is headed directly at a gold nucleus. How close will the particle come to the center of the nucleus? Treat the nucleus and the alpha
particle as point charges.

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1: Given data:

VIEW

Step 2: Conservation of energy:

VIEW

Step 3: Calculation:

VIEW

Solution

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps with 3 images

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Initially a glass rod and a piece of silk are neutral. After you rub the silk against the rod, the glass rod has a surplus of 3.33 1011 protons. What is the charge q of the silk?
A proton is fired from very far away directly at a fixed particle with charge q = 1.28 1018 C. If the initial speed of the proton is 2.4 105 m/s, what is its distance of closest approach to the fixed particle? The mass of a proton is 1.67 1027 kg.
A sphere has a net charge of 8.05 nC, and a negatively charged rod has a charge of 6.03 nC. The sphere and rod undergo a process such that 5.00 109 electrons are transferred from the rod to the sphere. What are the charges of the sphere and the rod after this process?
Suppose a speck of dust in an electrostatic precipitator has 1.00001012 protons in it and has a net charge of 5.00 nC (a very large charge for a small speck). How many electrons does it have?
How many coulombs of positive charge are there in 4.00 kg of plutonium given its atomic mass is 244 and that each plutonium atom has 94 protons?
Is it possible for a conducting sphere of radius 0.10 m to hold a charge of 4.0 C in air? The minimum field required to break down air and turn it into a conductor is 3.0 106 N/C.
An object has a charge of 35 nC. How many excess protons does it have?
A charge of 36.3 nC is transferred to a neutral copper ball of radius 4.35 cm. The ball is not grounded. The excess electrons spread uniformly on the surface of the ball. What is the number density (number of electrons per unit surface area) of excess electrons on the surface of the ball?
A thin, square, conducting plate 50.0 cm on a side lies in the xy plane. A total charge of 4.00 108 C is placed on the plate. Find (a) the charge density on each face of the plate, (b) the electric field just above the plate, and (c) the electric field just below the plate. You may assume the charge density is uniform.
(i) A metallic sphere A of radius 1.00 cm is several centimeters away from a metallic spherical shell B of radius 2.00 cm. Charge 450 nC is placed on A, with no charge on B or anywhere nearby. Next, the two objects are joined by a long, thin, metallic wire (as shown in Fig. 25.19), and finally the wire is removed. How is the charge shared between A and B? (a) 0 on A. 450 nC on B (b) 90.0 nC on A and 360 nC on B, with equal surface charge densities (c) 150 nC on A and 300 nC on B (d) 225 nC on A and 225 nC on B (e) 450 nC on A and 0 on B (ii) A metallic sphere A of radius 1 cm with charge 450 nC hangs on an insulating thread inside an uncharged thin metallic spherical shell B of radius 2 cm. Next, A is made temporarily to touch the inner surface of B. How is the charge then shared between them? Choose from the same possibilities. Arnold Arons, the only physics teacher yet to have his picture on the cover ol Time magazine, suggested the idea for this question.
A particle with charge 3.00 nC is at the origin, and a particle with negative charge of magnitude Q is at x = 50.0 cm. A third particle with a positive charge is in equilibrium at x = 20.9 cm. What is Q?
A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded with one oxygen atom. The bond angle between the two hydrogen atoms is 104( (see below). Calculate the net dipole moment of a water molecule that is placed in a uniform, horizontal electric field of magnitude 2.3108N/C . (You are missing some information for solving this problem; you will need to determine what information you need, and look it up.)