(ii) There are two groups both with 10 entries, with G1 having a mean of 7 and G2 having a mean of 11 with both having variance of approximately 8. Is it likely that a t-test with a p value of 0.01 will reject the null hypothesis? Please explain. (iii) It turns out that I accidentally missed off the following numbers from G1: [34364] If I include those extra numbers, what is the impact on the results and reliability of my T-test? Please explain your answer.

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Question 3:
The question concerns hypothesis testing.
(i) Based on the following article (Sadleir, Paul HM, et al. Relationship of
perioperative anaphylaxis to neuromuscular blocking agents, obesity, and
pholcodine consumption: a case-control study. British Journal of Anaesthesia 126.5
(2021): 940-948.), the Australian Government banned the use of PholCodine.
Focussing on the contents of Table 4 of the paper (reproduced below), please
argue against the Australian Governments decision, taking care to point out any
limitations in your argument.
Table 4. Logistic regression model for concurrent cases with pholcodine exposure as the
aggregate of definite and uncertain consumption. Cl, confidence interval.
Initial model
Definite pholcodine consumption
BMI (kg m 2)
Female
Age (yr)
Rocuronium
Final model
Definite pholcodine consumption
BMI (kg m²)
Female sex
* p value less than or equal to 0.05
P value (Wald)
0.043.
0.001.
0.035.
0.682
0.585
0.047*
<0.001.
0.025*
Adjusted odds ratio
2.50
1.15
2.70
0.99
1.32
2.45
1.15
2.80
95% CI
1.03-6.09
1.06-1.25
1.07-6.80
0.97-1.02
0.49-3.54
1.01-5.91
1.06-1.24
1.14-6.91
(ii) There are two groups both with 10 entries, with G1 having a mean of 7 and G2
having a mean of 11 with both having variance of approximately 8. Is it likely that a
t-test with a p value of 0.01 will reject the null hypothesis? Please explain.
(iii) It turns out that I accidentally missed off the following numbers from G1:
[34 36 4]
If I include those extra numbers, what is the impact on the results and reliability of
my T-test? Please explain your answer.
Transcribed Image Text:Question 3: The question concerns hypothesis testing. (i) Based on the following article (Sadleir, Paul HM, et al. Relationship of perioperative anaphylaxis to neuromuscular blocking agents, obesity, and pholcodine consumption: a case-control study. British Journal of Anaesthesia 126.5 (2021): 940-948.), the Australian Government banned the use of PholCodine. Focussing on the contents of Table 4 of the paper (reproduced below), please argue against the Australian Governments decision, taking care to point out any limitations in your argument. Table 4. Logistic regression model for concurrent cases with pholcodine exposure as the aggregate of definite and uncertain consumption. Cl, confidence interval. Initial model Definite pholcodine consumption BMI (kg m 2) Female Age (yr) Rocuronium Final model Definite pholcodine consumption BMI (kg m²) Female sex * p value less than or equal to 0.05 P value (Wald) 0.043. 0.001. 0.035. 0.682 0.585 0.047* <0.001. 0.025* Adjusted odds ratio 2.50 1.15 2.70 0.99 1.32 2.45 1.15 2.80 95% CI 1.03-6.09 1.06-1.25 1.07-6.80 0.97-1.02 0.49-3.54 1.01-5.91 1.06-1.24 1.14-6.91 (ii) There are two groups both with 10 entries, with G1 having a mean of 7 and G2 having a mean of 11 with both having variance of approximately 8. Is it likely that a t-test with a p value of 0.01 will reject the null hypothesis? Please explain. (iii) It turns out that I accidentally missed off the following numbers from G1: [34 36 4] If I include those extra numbers, what is the impact on the results and reliability of my T-test? Please explain your answer.
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