College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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Dielectric Constant Of Water
Water constitutes about 70% of earth. Some important distinguishing properties of water are high molar concentration, small dissociation constant and high dielectric constant.
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
An electrostatic force is a force caused by stationary electric charges /fields. The electrostatic force is caused by the transfer of electrons in conducting materials. Coulomb’s law determines the amount of force between two stationary, charged particles. The electric force is the force which acts between two stationary charges. It is also called Coulomb force.
Question
![**Question:**
If we remove all connections to the capacitor (after initially charging it), what is the time constant (tau) for the capacitor discharging?
**Answer:**
When a capacitor is disconnected from the circuit and allowed to discharge on its own, the time constant (tau, τ) for its discharging is generally defined by the characteristics of the circuit it was originally part of, most commonly given as:
\[ \tau = RC \]
where:
- \( R \) is the resistance through which it discharges (in ohms, Ω)
- \( C \) is the capacitance of the capacitor (in farads, F)
In the absence of a circuit, if we focus simply on the theoretical value, the time constant represents how quickly the voltage across the capacitor reduces to approximately 36.8% (or 1/e) of its initial value. However, if there are no resistive elements present, practically, the capacitor would take an indefinite time to discharge completely.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F60af46cc-0d0a-43f7-b2e0-84e1176374a1%2F224d18e8-e5f6-4457-9b52-11d43a5cc2ca%2Fb9e2et_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:**
If we remove all connections to the capacitor (after initially charging it), what is the time constant (tau) for the capacitor discharging?
**Answer:**
When a capacitor is disconnected from the circuit and allowed to discharge on its own, the time constant (tau, τ) for its discharging is generally defined by the characteristics of the circuit it was originally part of, most commonly given as:
\[ \tau = RC \]
where:
- \( R \) is the resistance through which it discharges (in ohms, Ω)
- \( C \) is the capacitance of the capacitor (in farads, F)
In the absence of a circuit, if we focus simply on the theoretical value, the time constant represents how quickly the voltage across the capacitor reduces to approximately 36.8% (or 1/e) of its initial value. However, if there are no resistive elements present, practically, the capacitor would take an indefinite time to discharge completely.
![**Capacitor with Dielectric Block**
In this diagram, we have two parallel conducting plates, which form a capacitor. Each plate has an area \( A \), and they're separated by a small distance \( d \). One plate carries a positive charge \( +Q \) and the other a negative charge \( -Q \). It's important to note that the drawing is not to scale, emphasizing that the spacing \( d \) is intended to be small.
Between these plates, a dielectric block is fully inserted. This block is characterized by its dielectric constant \( K \) and its resistivity \( \rho \) (also represented as \( \rho \)). It's crucial to understand that resistivity refers to the material's inherent property to resist the flow of electric current, differing from resistance, which is specific to the object's dimensions and material.
This setup is utilized to study the effect of a dielectric material on the capacitance of a capacitor and how resistivity plays a role when the dielectric is introduced.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F60af46cc-0d0a-43f7-b2e0-84e1176374a1%2F224d18e8-e5f6-4457-9b52-11d43a5cc2ca%2Fftx1kzi_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Capacitor with Dielectric Block**
In this diagram, we have two parallel conducting plates, which form a capacitor. Each plate has an area \( A \), and they're separated by a small distance \( d \). One plate carries a positive charge \( +Q \) and the other a negative charge \( -Q \). It's important to note that the drawing is not to scale, emphasizing that the spacing \( d \) is intended to be small.
Between these plates, a dielectric block is fully inserted. This block is characterized by its dielectric constant \( K \) and its resistivity \( \rho \) (also represented as \( \rho \)). It's crucial to understand that resistivity refers to the material's inherent property to resist the flow of electric current, differing from resistance, which is specific to the object's dimensions and material.
This setup is utilized to study the effect of a dielectric material on the capacitance of a capacitor and how resistivity plays a role when the dielectric is introduced.
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