If there is a significant interaction in a factorial design, why do researchers typically ignore (or minimize the importance of) the main effects?
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If there is a significant interaction in a factorial design, why do researchers typically ignore (or minimize the importance of) the main effects?
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- Why are interaction effects only associated with factorial designs? Examine the following data table and indicate the presence of (a) main effect of A, (b) main effect of B, (c) and interaction effect. Verify this with a graph. Factor B B1 B2 Factor A A1 10 5 A2 5 10The manager Concerned about her current customer base, manager Andersen started to think of factors that might affect the attractiveness of an auditing firm. Of course, the service quality provided and the fees charged by the auditor seem two important factors. Next, she decides that the reputation of the auditing firm also needs to be included in the framework as an independent variable. As illustrated by the dramatic effects of recent auditing scandals, reputation seems especially important for large auditors (i.e., auditing firms that are large in size). Finally, manager Andersen also thinks that the proximity of the auditing firm to the customer is another variable to be included as an independent variable. Proximity very likely affects the possibility for the client to personally meet with the auditors on a regular basis and she knows from her own contact with customers that they perceive personal interactions as quite important. Consider the above scenario shown; answer the…Calie has just been named the director of alumni relationships at a local university. Alumni donations are an important source of revenue for colleges and universities. If administrators could determine the factors that could lead to increases in the percentage of alumni who make a donation, they might be able to implement policies that could lead to increased revenues. Research shows that students who are more satisfied with their contact with teachers are more likely to graduate. As a result, one might suspect that smaller class sizes and lower student/faculty ration might lead to a higher percentage of satisfied graduates, which in turn might lead to increases in percentage of alumni who make a donation. Calie is feeling an extra pressure to increase total giving to the university because of recent budget cuts. Calie is also feeling pressured to increase the percentage of alumni to give. Calie found this new metric called average alumni giving rate U.S. News & World Report.…
- Calie has just been named the director of alumni relationships at a local university. Alumni donations are an important source of revenue for colleges and universities. If administrators could determine the factors that could lead to increases in the percentage of alumni who make a donation, they might be able to implement policies that could lead to increased revenues. Research shows that students who are more satisfied with their contact with teachers are more likely to graduate. As a result, one might suspect that smaller class sizes and lower student/faculty ration might lead to a higher percentage of satisfied graduates, which in turn might lead to increases in percentage of alumni who make a donation. Calie is feeling an extra pressure to increase total giving to the university because of recent budget cuts. Calie is also feeling pressured to increase the percentage of alumni to give. Calie found this new metric called average alumni giving rate U.S. News & World Report.…Calie has just been named the director of alumni relationships at a local university. Alumni donations are an important source of revenue for colleges and universities. If administrators could determine the factors that could lead to increases in the percentage of alumni who make a donation, they might be able to implement policies that could lead to increased revenues. Research shows that students who are more satisfied with their contact with teachers are more likely to graduate. As a result, one might suspect that smaller class sizes and lower student/faculty ration might lead to a higher percentage of satisfied graduates, which in turn might lead to increases in percentage of alumni who make a donation. Calie is feeling an extra pressure to increase total giving to the university because of recent budget cuts. Calie is also feeling pressured to increase the percentage of alumni to give. Calie found this new metric called average alumni giving rate U.S. News & World Report.…Calie has just been named the director of alumni relationships at a local university. Alumni donations are an important source of revenue for colleges and universities. If administrators could determine the factors that could lead to increases in the percentage of alumni who make a donation, they might be able to implement policies that could lead to increased revenues. Research shows that students who are more satisfied with their contact with teachers are more likely to graduate. As a result, one might suspect that smaller class sizes and lower student/faculty ration might lead to a higher percentage of satisfied graduates, which in turn might lead to increases in percentage of alumni who make a donation. Calie is feeling an extra pressure to increase total giving to the university because of recent budget cuts. Calie is also feeling pressured to increase the percentage of alumni to give. Calie found this new metric called average alumni giving rate U.S. News & World Report.…
- In a two factor factorial design with two design factors A and B, why do we generally include the interaction term in the model? What is the major concern if the model ignores the interaction effect?Joseph Randal has just been named the director of alumni relationships at a local university. Alumni donations are an important source of revenue for colleges and universities. If administrators could determine the factors that could lead to increases in the percentage of alumni who make a donation, they might be able to implement policies that could lead to increased revenues. Research shows that students who are more satisfied with their contact with teachers are more likely to graduate. As a result, one might suspect that smaller class sizes and lower student/faculty ration might lead to a higher percentage of satisfied graduates, which in turn might lead to increases in percentage of alumni who make a donation. Joseph is feeling an extra pressure to increase total giving to the university because of recent budget cuts. Joseph is also feeling pressured to increase the percentage of alumni to give. Joseph found this new metric called average alumni giving rate U.S. News &…Under what circumstances will the main effects in a factorial study not provide an accurate description of the results?
- W. Thomas Boyce, a professor and pediatrician at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, has studied interactions between individual differences in physiology and differences in experience in determining health and well-being. Dr. Boyce found that some children are more sensitive to their environments. They do exceptionally well when the environment is supportive but are much more likely to have mental and physical health problems when the environment has challenges. You decide to do a similar study, conducting a factorial experiment to test the effectiveness of one environmental factor and one physiological factor on a physical health outcome. As the environmental factor, you choose two levels of stressful life events. As the physiological factor, you choose three levels of immune reactivity. The outcome is number of respiratory illnesses in the previous 12 months, and the research participants are kindergartners.Whenever a two-factor experiment results in a significant interaction, you should be cautious about interpreting the main effects because an interaction can distort, conceal, or exaggerate the main effects of the individual factors. True FalseAmusement Park Queues. An amusement park studied methods for decreasing the waiting time (minutes) for rides by loading and unloading riders more efficiently. Two alternative loading/unloading methods have been proposed. To account for potential differences due to the type of ride and the possible interaction between the method of loading and unloading and the type of ride, a factorial experiment was designed. Use the following data to test for any significant effect due to the loading and unloading method, the type of ride, and interaction. Use .?=0.05a. Use the Excel data analysis tool to perform the required test. b. What are the null and alternative hypothesis?c. What is the test statistic? What distribution does the test statistic follow?d. State your conclusions.