If the result of the catalase test came back positive and the doctor decided to run a coagulase test what do you think the result would be and why? Explain.
If the result of the catalase test came back positive and the doctor decided to run a coagulase test what do you think the result would be and why? Explain.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Please read the case file from exercise 21 (Catalase, pg. 127) in your manual. After reading the case file please answering the following:
6. If the result of the catalase test came back positive and the doctor decided to run a coagulase test what do you think the result would be and why? Explain.
![**Exercise 21: Oxygen and Growth: Catalase**
**Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth**
---
**Case File**
Patient G is a 50-year-old woman. She developed several intra-abdominal abscesses following surgery for a kidney transplant. Treatment with IV ampicillin and gentamicin was not effective. The patient’s temperature and white blood cell count both continued to be elevated. After an abdominal CT scan, the abscesses were drained and samples were sent for testing. Gram stains and blood cultures were performed at the same time, and both came back positive for gram-positive cocci. Further testing is underway to identify the organism. Treatment with vancomycin has been initiated pending the results of the further testing. A consultation with a clinical pharmacist was requested.
**Learning Outcomes**
At the completion of this exercise, students should be able to:
- Understand the function of catalase in cells that produce the enzyme.
- Perform and interpret the results of a catalase test and know their value in differentiating bacteria.
**Background**
As the bacterial cell carries out different metabolic pathways, a harmful by-product called hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is produced. Hydrogen peroxide is produced by the electron transport chain during the reduction of oxygen. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the process of aerobic respiration. Enzymes of the electron transport chain called oxidases reduce oxygen to form, among other products, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). H₂O₂ is considered a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause significant damage to important molecules of the bacterium like DNA, RNA, and proteins. To detoxify this ROS, many bacteria produce the enzyme catalase. The function of catalase is to convert H₂O₂ into H₂O and O₂ gas, which are harmless to the cell.
\[ 2H₂O₂ \rightarrow 2H₂O + O₂ \]
By detoxifying H₂O₂, catalase allows the bacterium to survive and thrive in oxygen-rich environments.
To determine if an organism produces catalase, an inoculum is placed on a glass slide. A few drops of H₂O₂ are then dispensed onto the cells.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3ffd3041-5fa8-408a-aea6-8d0882cf770f%2F1d700534-602f-4cd8-bd7a-76b98562215a%2Fxhlcn3l_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Exercise 21: Oxygen and Growth: Catalase**
**Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth**
---
**Case File**
Patient G is a 50-year-old woman. She developed several intra-abdominal abscesses following surgery for a kidney transplant. Treatment with IV ampicillin and gentamicin was not effective. The patient’s temperature and white blood cell count both continued to be elevated. After an abdominal CT scan, the abscesses were drained and samples were sent for testing. Gram stains and blood cultures were performed at the same time, and both came back positive for gram-positive cocci. Further testing is underway to identify the organism. Treatment with vancomycin has been initiated pending the results of the further testing. A consultation with a clinical pharmacist was requested.
**Learning Outcomes**
At the completion of this exercise, students should be able to:
- Understand the function of catalase in cells that produce the enzyme.
- Perform and interpret the results of a catalase test and know their value in differentiating bacteria.
**Background**
As the bacterial cell carries out different metabolic pathways, a harmful by-product called hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is produced. Hydrogen peroxide is produced by the electron transport chain during the reduction of oxygen. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the process of aerobic respiration. Enzymes of the electron transport chain called oxidases reduce oxygen to form, among other products, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). H₂O₂ is considered a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause significant damage to important molecules of the bacterium like DNA, RNA, and proteins. To detoxify this ROS, many bacteria produce the enzyme catalase. The function of catalase is to convert H₂O₂ into H₂O and O₂ gas, which are harmless to the cell.
\[ 2H₂O₂ \rightarrow 2H₂O + O₂ \]
By detoxifying H₂O₂, catalase allows the bacterium to survive and thrive in oxygen-rich environments.
To determine if an organism produces catalase, an inoculum is placed on a glass slide. A few drops of H₂O₂ are then dispensed onto the cells.
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