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- What is the current understanding of hormones in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer?How can benign prostatic hyperplasia be distinguished from prostate cancer?Name one form of cancer that can be found in the male reproductive system. Describe it in detail, including symptoms and treatment options.
- Mr. Roger, age 52 years, is undergoing a routine physical examination for his employer. During palpation of the prostate, the physician noted a hard nodule on the gland’s periphery. Lab tests revealed an elevated PSA level. The remainder of the examination did not reveal any other abnormalities. Discuss the predisposing factors for prostate cancer and identify the high-risk groups. (See Cancer of the Prostate—Etiology.)Describe what is meant by prostate cancer cell and stromal interactions for carcinogenesis.Which of the following is a useful serum marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer? Select one: A. Follicle-stimulating hormone B. Prostate-specific antigen C. Human chorionic gonadotropin D. Luteinizing hormone E. Alpha-fetoprotein O O O O