If alleles at the A locus are closely linked to specific alleles at the B locus, can natural selection on the B locus prevent HW equilibrium for alleles at the A locus. Why or why not

Q: Given the following observed genotype frequencies (AA 0.45, Aa 0.16 and aa 0.39) for a gene that…

A: According Hardy-Wienberg Equation: p2 + pq + q2 = 1 Here the dominant allele is A and recessive…

Q: It is a common but mistaken belief that because some allele are dominant and others are recessive,…

A: Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium was discovered in 1908 by G.H. Hardy (British mathematician) and W.…

Q: An allele A is present in a population at a frequency 8f the same locus. Fitness is associated with…

A: Natural selection can induce microevolution, or a shift in allele frequencies over time, with…

Q: Skin colour in dolphins is determined by a single gene showing incomplete dominance giving rise to 3…

A: A cross between the two F1 hybrids shows the heterozygous for a single trait exhibiting incomplete…

Q: You find a population of 200 mice in which 32 of them display the recessive fur color. What is the…

A: According to the Hardy-Weinberg Law, p is the frequency of the dominant allele and q is the…

Q: In a large population, dairy cows were selected for high milk production. What do you expect to…

A: Genetic selection for generations results in accumulation of beneficial genes into the organism from…

Q: Does Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium need to be tested for alleles resulting in only two genotypes?

A: Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) refers to the state of a population in which genotype and allele…

Q: Is it true that natural selection allows only the better alleles to be passed onto the next…

A: Darwin stated the theory of natural selection in which he gave the following arguments: First, he…

Q: At least one of the discoverers of this genetic equilibrium (Hardy) developed this HW equation to…

A: Allele frequency, is the relative frequency of an allele at a particular locus in a population,…

Q: How many mice would you expect to be homozygous dominant and heterozygous for

A: Dominant and recessive alleles alleles that can be expressed only when present in homozygous…

Q: In the Frozen Kingdom, Kristoff and Anna successfully raised a large family, which grew to a total…

A: The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle that states that the allele and genotype frequencies…

Q: 1)Butterflies show 3 phenotypes due to incomplete dominance at the D locus with alleles DY and DB…

A: In incomplete dominance, two alleles produce an intermediate phenotype in a heterozygote. Offspring…

Q: Considering hybridization in a given trait like the color of the hair of a mammalian species…

A: Hybridization occurs when the offsprings carry the combined form of genes of their parents. The…

Q: In parrots, annoying voices (A) are dominant to pleasant ones (a) and brightly colored feathers (B)…

A: A cross between an organism with unknown genotype and recessive parents is known as test cross. This…

Q: How do allele frequencies change if the two homozygotes have equal fitness, but heterozgotes have a…

A: Natural selection can cause microevolution (change in allele frequencies), with fitness expanding…

Q: Using this image for reference, state whether the fitness for each trait combination is "low" or…

A: In terms of genetics, the fitness of an organism is the ability of an organism to survive in its…

Q: Suppose that a population is at equilibrium between mutation and selection for a deleterious…

A: Mutations in an organism can change or disrupt the allele frequencies by producing new alleles in…

Q: At least one of the discoverers of this genetic equilibrium (Hardy) developed this HW equation to…

A: Any one of two or more genes that can exist alternately at a specific place (locus) on a chromosome…

Q: What Causes Random Changes in Allele Frequency ?

A: A gene is a unit of hereditary present in thousands of numbers on the helical strands of…

Q: What assumptions are made when using the Hardy–Weinberg formula to estimate genotypic…

A: Hardy-Weinberg principle in population genetics also referred to as the Hardy-Weinberg theorem,…

Q: There is some evidence that selection on white fur color in cats resulted in unintentional selection…

A: It has been found that selection on white fur color in cats have resulted in unintentional selection…

Q: If the frequency of homozygous dominant is 33 the frequency of heterozygous is 33 and the frequency…

A: In genetics, the frequency of alleles refers to the proportion of a particular allele in a…

Q: Imagine a locus with two alleles. Mutation at this locus changes one allele to the other (i.e. it…

A: Changes to an organism's DNA sequence are referred to as mutations. Mutations can be the result of…

Q: You sample a population of blue-bellied lizards in the Mexican desert. You calculate allele…

A: According to Hardy Weinberg equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 Doing this for the scenario mentioned in the…

Q: A waddle of penguins contains a recessive allele (d) for dwarfism. If the observed frequency of…

A: Hardy Weinberg equilibrium suggests that population is ideal. There are not found migration,…

Q: n guinea pigs, an allele for rough fur (R) is dominant over an allele for smooth fur (r), and an…

A: Phenotype of RRBB/ RrBb will have Rough and black coat Whereas Phenotype of  rrbb will have smoth…

Q: Can the frequencies of all genotypes in a population be determined directly with respect to a locus…

A: The dominant allele causes a dominant phenotype in an individual and is composed of one copy of any…

Q: Green dragons are known by Knights of the Realm to be cleverer and thus more dangerous than both red…

A: dN/dS ratio tells us about the evolutionary pressure of selection on a gene coding for a protein and…

Q: For the fish model organism Medaka (Aplocheilus latipes), genes at 2 loci (B, b and R, r) determine…

A: Introduction :- Phenotypic ratio is described as the probability of finding the patterns and…

Q: Why is genetic drift more significant in small populations? Why does it take longer for genetic…

A: Genes are the basic structural and functional unit of heredity. They carry coded genetic information…

Q: the allele (B) produces black color but (b) producesyellow color. These alleles are co‐dominant to…

A: Alleles are considered as the variant of the gene. DNA is composed of different nucleotides that…

Q: A/A and A/a individuals are equally fertile. If 0.1 percent of the population is a /a, what…

A: Selection pressure is defined as those external agents that affect the ability of an organism to…

Q: What is the frequency of the B allele if allele b has a frequency of 0.24 and what are the three…

A: The alleles are the alternative forms of a gene that are located on the same locus of a homologous…

Q: We have learned that the response to selection is equal to the selection differential times the…

A: Response to selection is denoted by the “R”. It is calculated as the product of narrow-sense…

Q: If the frequency of an allele at a locus of interest is 0.57, and we know there are only two alleles…

A: The locus has two alleles, thus Hardy-Weinberg law can be used for calculating allele frequencies as…

Q: Which of the following is not an example of artificial selection? (a) Your younger sibling got a…

A: Artificial selection is performed by humans. They try to breed the animals or plants in captivity,…

Q: Flower color in pea plants exhibits two distinct phenotypes: a purple color, exhibited by WW and Ww…

A: The population does not experience any migration, mutation and natural selection. It is the case of…

Q: If the frequency of a dominant allele “B” in a population is 80%, and assuming genetic equilibrium…

A: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium is a concept that serves as a benchmark for researchers to analyze gene…

Q: background: Lizards often have bright coloration and in some species there is variation in…

A: Lizards colour is genetically determined by allele in codominant manner.Red= r+r+yellow= r+r-white=…

Q: 20) Consider a trait specified by a single genetic locus with two alleles, B and b. In a particular…

A: The difference between fitness or the change in genotype frequencies is termed as the selection…

Q: Do you expect a particular allele frequency to be at genetic equilibrium, explain?

A: Inheritance is the process of transmitting the traits from parent to offspring. Traits of an…

Q: How is it possible that there are multiple different alleles in a population and yet any individual…

A: The study about the modification in the working segment of hereditary material is genetics. The…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.