Reactions of Ethers
Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.
Epoxides
Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.
Williamson Ether Synthesis
An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.
![1. **Identify the circled functional group(s) for each molecule.**
**a.**
- **CH₃CHCH₃-OH**: The circled functional group is the hydroxyl group (OH).
**b.**
- The molecule features a benzene ring. The circled groups are:
- An alkyne (C≡CH).
**c.**
- The structure contains several circled amine groups:
- Two terminal primary amines (NH₂).
- One secondary amine (N-HCH₃).
**d.**
- This complex molecule includes:
- A circled amide group (C=ONH₂).
- A phenyl ether (an oxygen attached to a benzene ring).
- An alcohol (OH).
- An additional tertiary amine (N-linked to two CH₃ groups).
These molecules illustrate a variety of functional groups, highlighting basic organic chemistry concepts.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F2f8449bb-0430-4632-8bac-168560cabdc5%2Fbf32670e-ed71-4281-ac82-4364f451e485%2Fzq0u7j6_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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