Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
Question
I’ve been trying to figure out the bond and to me it looks like a Carbohydrate bond but I’m not sure it’s for homework but I have to write the answers down on notebook.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Identifying the Bond in a Disaccharide Molecule**
**Description:**
In this educational content, we are examining the molecular structure of a disaccharide to identify a specific type of bond present in the molecule.
**Image of Disaccharide:**
The given image showcases the chemical structure of a disaccharide. Disaccharides are carbohydrates composed of two monosaccharides linked by a glycosidic bond.
**Molecular Structure Explanation:**
1. **Monosaccharides:**
- The structure consists of two hexose rings (six-membered rings) representing two monosaccharides.
- Each hexose ring is a pyranose (a six-membered ring with five carbons and one oxygen).
2. **Functional Groups:**
- Hydroxyl groups (–OH) are attached to various carbon atoms on both rings.
- One of the monosaccharides has a hydroxymethyl group (–CH2OH), indicating that one of the carbon atoms (usually the sixth carbon) is bonded to a hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom.
3. **Glycosidic Bond:**
- The two monosaccharide units are linked by an oxygen bridge (-O-) between the first carbon (carbon-1) of one ring and the fourth carbon (carbon-4) of the other ring. This type of linkage is known as a 1→4 glycosidic bond.
- The bond is formed through a condensation reaction where a molecule of water is released.
**Educational Objective:**
The primary focus is to identify the glycosidic bond present in the disaccharide molecule. Understanding glycosidic bonds is crucial as these linkages play a significant role in the formation of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, influencing the properties and functions of carbohydrates.
**Key Takeaways:**
- Glycosidic bonds can vary in their configuration (alpha or beta) and the carbon atoms they connect.
- In this disaccharide, a 1→4 glycosidic bond exists between the two hexose units.
- Recognizing these bonds helps in comprehending the structural diversity and complexity of carbohydrates.
**Further Study:**
For enhanced understanding, students are encouraged to explore different types of glycosidic bonds (1→2, 1→6, etc.) and their implications in larger carbohydrate structures like starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
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