Icefish live in the extremely c They are the only vertebrates bin. They have a large heart a their skin, as well as their gill to be especially threatened by
Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
![o airinity for oxygen benefit a fetus?
3. Icefish live in the extremely cold ocean near Antarctica.
They are the only vertebrates that do not make hemoglo-
bin. They have a large heart and take up oxygen across
their skin, as well as their gills. Why are icefish thought
to be especially threatened by ongoing ocean warming?
CHAPTER 38
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