IA. In the reaction of butanoic acid and pentahol to form pentyl butanoate, where does the oxygen in pentyl butanoate indicated in the structure below come from? O:
IA. In the reaction of butanoic acid and pentahol to form pentyl butanoate, where does the oxygen in pentyl butanoate indicated in the structure below come from? O:
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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The explanation Cannot be hand-drawn must be typed
### Description of the Pentyl Butanoate Structure:
The structure provided shows pentyl butanoate:
- **Main Chain:** The molecular structure represents a chain with a length related to pentyl butanoate, where butanoate has four carbon atoms and pentyl has five carbon atoms.
- **Ester Functional Group:** Key to this molecule is the ester linkage (-COO-), specifically noting the oxygen indicated by an arrow.
### Explanation:
In the esterification reaction where butanoic acid reacts with pentanol, a molecule of water is removed, and an ester bond is formed. The oxygen atom in the ester functional group (pointed to by the arrow in the diagram) originates from the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the alcohol (pentanol). More specifically:
1. **Pentanol (Starting Material):** CH3(CH2)3CH2OH
2. **Butanoic Acid (Starting Material):** CH3(CH2)2COOH
During the reaction:
- The hydrogen atom from the hydroxyl group of butanoic acid (OH) and the hydroxyl group of the pentanol (OH) combine to form water (H2O).
- The remaining oxygen atom from the hydroxyl group of butanoic acid forms the ester linkage with the pentyl group from the alcohol.
Thus, the oxygen in the ester functional group of pentyl butanoate (indicated by the arrow) comes from the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the pentanol. This is a key concept in esterification reactions where alcohols provide the oxygen which remains in the final ester product.
### Diagram Description:
The diagram connected to the question illustrates:
- The ester bond formation between butanoic acid and pentanol.
- The indication of the oxygen atom's origin within the structure.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ffb9b51b7-8e30-472f-a9b1-c9ee115779d7%2Fb1e5e4bd-2e35-4d1b-bb7c-c96c66e9b682%2Fagi1o06_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Question 1A:**
*In the reaction of butanoic acid and pentanol to form pentyl butanoate, where does the oxygen in pentyl butanoate indicated in the structure below come from?*
### Description of the Pentyl Butanoate Structure:
The structure provided shows pentyl butanoate:
- **Main Chain:** The molecular structure represents a chain with a length related to pentyl butanoate, where butanoate has four carbon atoms and pentyl has five carbon atoms.
- **Ester Functional Group:** Key to this molecule is the ester linkage (-COO-), specifically noting the oxygen indicated by an arrow.
### Explanation:
In the esterification reaction where butanoic acid reacts with pentanol, a molecule of water is removed, and an ester bond is formed. The oxygen atom in the ester functional group (pointed to by the arrow in the diagram) originates from the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the alcohol (pentanol). More specifically:
1. **Pentanol (Starting Material):** CH3(CH2)3CH2OH
2. **Butanoic Acid (Starting Material):** CH3(CH2)2COOH
During the reaction:
- The hydrogen atom from the hydroxyl group of butanoic acid (OH) and the hydroxyl group of the pentanol (OH) combine to form water (H2O).
- The remaining oxygen atom from the hydroxyl group of butanoic acid forms the ester linkage with the pentyl group from the alcohol.
Thus, the oxygen in the ester functional group of pentyl butanoate (indicated by the arrow) comes from the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the pentanol. This is a key concept in esterification reactions where alcohols provide the oxygen which remains in the final ester product.
### Diagram Description:
The diagram connected to the question illustrates:
- The ester bond formation between butanoic acid and pentanol.
- The indication of the oxygen atom's origin within the structure.
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