I need help with number 5. Please explain.
A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN:9780134753119
Author:Sheldon Ross
Publisher:Sheldon Ross
Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...
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I need help with number 5. Please explain.
![Number Counted
Purple & smooth
Purple & shrunken
Yellow & smooth
Yellow & shrunken
19,20,22,20,20 = 101
6,7,5,5,7 = 30
6,5,4,5,5 = 25
1,1,2,0,0 = 4
TOTAL 160
3. Did you obtain a 9:3:3:1 ratio? To determine if the deviations from your observed data are due to chance alone
or if the data is significantly different, you need to use a chi square test. The table below will help you make the
calculations.
Expected Number
Observed Number [Observed - Expected ]²
+ еxpected
Purple & smooth
Purple & shrunken
Total x 9/16 = 90
101
(101-90)^2/90 = 1.34
Total x 3/16 = 30
30
(30-30)^2/30 = 0
Yellow & smooth
Total x 3/16 = 30
25
(25-30)^2/30 = 0.83
Yellow & shrunken
Total x 1/16 = 10
4
|(4-10)^2/10 = 3.6
5.77
CHI SQUARE VALUE ========>
(add the numbers from the rows above)
4. Now determine if your chi square value is a good fit with your data. Your degrees of freedom (df) is the number
of possible phenotypes minus 1. In your case, 4 - 1 = 3. Find the number in that row that is closest to your chi
square value. Circle that number.
5. Explain what it means to have a "good fit" or a "poor fit". Does you chi square analysis of real corn data support
the hypothesis that the parental generation was PpSs x PpSs?
Chi Square Problem Set
Good Fit Between Ear & Data
Poor Fit
1. Problem: A large ear of corn has a total of
433 grains, including 271 Purple & starchy, 73
Purple & sweet, 63 Yellow & starchy, and 26
Yellow & sweet.
df
.90
.70
.60
.50
20
.10
.05
.01
1
.02
.15
.31
46
1.64
2.71
3.85
6.64
Your Tentative Hypothesis: This ear of
corn was produced by a dihybrid cross
(PpSs x PpSs) involving two pairs of
heterozygous genes resulting in a
theoretical (expected) ratio of 9:3:3:1.
2
.21
.71
1.05
1.39
3.22
4.60
5.99
9.21
.58
1.42
1.85
2.37
4.64
6.25
7.82
11.34
4
1.06
2.20
2.78
3.36
5.99
7.78
9.49
13.28
Objective: Test your hypothesis using chi
square and probability values.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F6dfc1a61-834d-4919-be17-f891e2ee6d5a%2F79fea858-a556-4a6e-aef1-37c5966e41bc%2F5m3e099_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Number Counted
Purple & smooth
Purple & shrunken
Yellow & smooth
Yellow & shrunken
19,20,22,20,20 = 101
6,7,5,5,7 = 30
6,5,4,5,5 = 25
1,1,2,0,0 = 4
TOTAL 160
3. Did you obtain a 9:3:3:1 ratio? To determine if the deviations from your observed data are due to chance alone
or if the data is significantly different, you need to use a chi square test. The table below will help you make the
calculations.
Expected Number
Observed Number [Observed - Expected ]²
+ еxpected
Purple & smooth
Purple & shrunken
Total x 9/16 = 90
101
(101-90)^2/90 = 1.34
Total x 3/16 = 30
30
(30-30)^2/30 = 0
Yellow & smooth
Total x 3/16 = 30
25
(25-30)^2/30 = 0.83
Yellow & shrunken
Total x 1/16 = 10
4
|(4-10)^2/10 = 3.6
5.77
CHI SQUARE VALUE ========>
(add the numbers from the rows above)
4. Now determine if your chi square value is a good fit with your data. Your degrees of freedom (df) is the number
of possible phenotypes minus 1. In your case, 4 - 1 = 3. Find the number in that row that is closest to your chi
square value. Circle that number.
5. Explain what it means to have a "good fit" or a "poor fit". Does you chi square analysis of real corn data support
the hypothesis that the parental generation was PpSs x PpSs?
Chi Square Problem Set
Good Fit Between Ear & Data
Poor Fit
1. Problem: A large ear of corn has a total of
433 grains, including 271 Purple & starchy, 73
Purple & sweet, 63 Yellow & starchy, and 26
Yellow & sweet.
df
.90
.70
.60
.50
20
.10
.05
.01
1
.02
.15
.31
46
1.64
2.71
3.85
6.64
Your Tentative Hypothesis: This ear of
corn was produced by a dihybrid cross
(PpSs x PpSs) involving two pairs of
heterozygous genes resulting in a
theoretical (expected) ratio of 9:3:3:1.
2
.21
.71
1.05
1.39
3.22
4.60
5.99
9.21
.58
1.42
1.85
2.37
4.64
6.25
7.82
11.34
4
1.06
2.20
2.78
3.36
5.99
7.78
9.49
13.28
Objective: Test your hypothesis using chi
square and probability values.
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