Hydrogen bonds formed with complementary bases FIGURE 8.7 Mutagenic Effects of the Alkylating Agent Nitrosoguanidine (a) Nitrosoguanidine converts guanine bases in Added CH3 alkyl group DNA to methylguanine, which can base-pair with thymine (T) as well as cytosine (C). (b) The altered base-pairing property of methylguanine can result in point mutations following DNA replication. H•...... N. N….. ? What are the three possible outcomes of point mutations? H....... H- H...... N. Alkylating agent H deoxyribose deoxyribose Guanine Methylguanine (sometimes pairs with T) (pairs with C) (a) Wild type Nitroso- Mutant 3' guanidine treatment 5' DNA DNA 3' replication 5' 3' replication 5' 5' 3' AGT C A 5' A G*T тСА 5' 3' 3' 5' 3' 5' Thymine (formerly paired with G*) now serves as template and pairs with adenine (A) Guanine (G) is converted to methylguanine (G*) Methylguanine of template strand pairs with thymine (T) instead of cytosine (C) (b)

Q: How are polymorphisms different than mutations?

A: The variation in the deoxyribonucleic acid are described by mutations and polymorphisms. A mutation…

Q: What are the effects of duplication mutation?

A: Mutations are the alterations or the changes that occur in the DNA. Mutagens are the agents that are…

Q: what are Hotspots of mutation?

A: A mutation is an alteration in the genome. This alteration can be of a single nucleotide or a long…

Q: What is a genetic study ?

A: Gene is a stretch of DNA which codes for a particular trait. DNA and thus genes are found in…

Q: How is an epigenetic change different from a mutation?

A: Epigenetics can be defined as the study of heritable changes that usually occur in gene expression…

Q: What is a mutation, and how are they linked to genetic diseases?

A: It is asked what is a mutation, and how are they linked to genetic diseases? Mutation is caused by…

Q: What is the most common symptom in a genetic disorder and why? Do all people exhibit this symptom of…

A: Genetic disorder is a health problem that had resulted due to one or more abnormalities of a person'…

Q: Which mutation is lethal?

A: The mutation is the change that occurs in the DNA sequences due to environmental factors or by…

Q: which word describes the majority of permanent genetic mutations?

A: A mutation is a change in our DNA sequence that happens as a result of errors in DNA copying or…

Q: define gene mutation.

A: Genetic material is nothing but the sequence of nucleic acids which is called as DNA. It contains…

Q: What triggers mutation?

A:

Q: What are the four different point mutations? How can genetic mutation (genotype) alter protein…

A: Point mutations are chromosome rearrangements. They are usually the consequence of errors made…

Q: What are the chances of occurrence of antimorphic mutation?

A: Mutation is defined as sudden inheritable change that occurs usually in the DNA sequence.  Mutation…

Q: What are knockout mutations?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic code of the organisms. DNA…

Q: How are genetic mutations passed from parent to offspring?

A: During cell cycle in the sex/germ cells i.e. they undergo meiosis to form gametes which are haploid.…

Q: What are lethal genes?

A: Genes are the functional unit of life. They are accountable for the passing of the characters from…

Q: Most genetic mutations are deleterious, producing negative effects. True or false?

A: The objective of the question is to determine whether most genetic mutations are harmful or…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.