How would you synthesize the following compounds from butanenitrile using reagents from the table? Answers range from 1 to 5 steps. Reagents SOCI 1. NaOH/H₂O a i 1. NaBH4 2. H₁₂O* 2. H₂O* b 1. BH₁/THF f 1. LAIH j 2. H₂O₂/NaOH 2. H₂O* 1. CH₂CH2MgBr / dry ether 2. H₂O* C PBr g NaCN k Dess-Martin KMnO4/H30* 1. (CH3)2CHMcBr/dry ether 2. H₂O* conc. HCI periodinane in CH2Cl₂ a. CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2 b. 3-hexanol c. Butanal d. Pentanoic acid

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Designing a Synthesis

Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis that involves the planned construction of organic compounds/molecules from smaller units that possess functional groups. Friedrich Wöhler was the first scientist who designed the synthesis of an organic compound, urea from inorganic starting materials silver cyanate with ammonium chloride via a simple, one-step synthesis.