47 How will an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood change breathing or ventilation?decrease pulmonary ventilationdecrease the alveolar ventilation ratedecrease the rate of breathingO increase the rate of breathingO increase the pH of arterial blood

The blood in our body shows a constant chemical condition including pH and other molecules. Action of this homeostasis will be responsible for the activation of different signals that ultimately responsible for maintenance of the body physiological conditions.The level of carbon dioxide in the blood is is highly monitored by different chemoreceptors that are present in the peripheral blood circulation and in the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) of central nervous system. Actually two types of chemoreceptors are present that are central chemoreceptors and peripheral chemoreceptors that sense the level of carbon dioxide in the blood circulation. Increased carbon dioxide will responsible for decreasing blood pH due to conversion of this carbon dioxide into carbonic acid by reacting with water present in the blood, the carbonic acid ultimately split into H+ and HCO3-. As a result the H+ ion concentration increases that is responsible for decreasing pH of the blood. All of these together responsible for increasing respiration rate or increasing ventilation rate that ultimately responsible for more carbon dioxide release from the body and entry of more oxygen. As a result the blood pH becomes normal. Hence, option 4 (increase the rate of breathing) is the right answer.Other incorrect options are: 1. If carbon dioxide level increases then pulmonary ventilation will also increase. 2. Increased carbon dioxide concentration will increases the alveolar ventilation rate. 3. Increase carbon dioxide concentration will increases the rate of breathing. 5. Increased carbon dioxide concentration will decrease the pH of the arterial blood.