ge of that volume (called the hematocrit) consists of red blood cells (RBCs); typically the hematocrit is about 45% in males. Su
PROJECT CONTROLLING RED BLOOD CELL LOSS DURING SURGERY A typical volume of blood in the human body is about 5 L. A certain percentage of that volume (called the hematocrit) consists of red blood cells (RBCs); typically the hematocrit is about 45% in males. Suppose that a surgery takes four hours and a male patient bleeds 2.5 L of blood. During surgery the patient's blood volume is maintained at 5 L by injection of saline solu- tion, which mixes quickly with the blood but dilutes it so that the hematocrit decreases as time passes.
1. Assuming that the rate of RBC loss is proportional to the volume of RBCs, determine the patient's volume of RBCs by the end of the operation.
2. A procedure called acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) has been developed to minimize RBC loss during surgery. In this procedure blood is extracted from the patient before the operation and replaced with saline solution. This dilutes the patient's blood, resulting in fewer RBCs being lost during the bleeding. The extracted blood is then returned to the patient after surgery. Only a certain amount of blood can be extracted, however ncentration can never be allowed to drop below 25% during surgery use the RBC co What is the maximum amount of blood that can be extracted in the ANH procedu surgery described in this project?
3. What is the RBC loss without the ANH procedure? What is the loss if the procedure is carried out with the volume calculated in Problem 2?
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