how mispairing of homologous chromosomes could have led to the formation of a gene that codes for a protein that has 2 domains. Explain how two genes which were separate coding units became 1 gene with one coding unit. Why are the products of this cross over event called non-reciprocal cross over products?

Q: Could there be any significance to the fact that the crosses concern genes on a very small…

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: How is the concept ofchromosome related to theconcept of the gene?

A: Chromosomes are formed by the wrapping of the nucleic acid (DNA) with proteins. The chromosomes are…

Q: Explain Briefly about Topological Domains Within Chromosome Territories.

A: The topological domain within chromosome territories can be observed during the cell division, and…

Q: At which stage do homologous chromosomes separatefrom each other?

A: A set of the maternal and paternal chromosomes is collectively known as a homologous chromosome.…

Q: Give a reason for the discontinuous synthesis of DNA on one of the parental strands?

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: explain the statement Duplications Provide Extra Gene CopiesThat Can Acquire New Functions

A: Genes are the basic biological unit of heredity. They are a segment of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)…

Q: What type of chromosomal rearrangement occurs o If two homologous chromosomes misalign at repeated…

A: Chromosomes carry the genetic material DNA. Chromosomes may undergo rearrangements that are the…

Q: About 5% of individuals with Down syndrome havea chromosomal translocation in which a third copy…

A: Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, that is, the normal chromosome number is 46. Translocation can…

Q: When Thomas Hunt Morgan crossed his red-eyed F1 generation flies to each other, the F2 generation…

A: The result observed by Thomas Hunt Morgan, where all the white-eyed flies in the F2 generation were…

Q: Person A has a mutation in a chromosome in a liver cell, while person B has a mutation in a…

A: Mutation refers to sudden heritable change in the phenotype of an individual. In the molecular term,…

Q: Why should the relative distance between two loci influencethe amount of recombination and crossing…

A: Chromosomal hybrid, or crossover, is the exchange of genetic material during sexual multiplication…

Q: What type of chromosomal rearrangement occurs o Breakage of two homologous chromosomes or sister…

A: A chromosomal rearrangement is a type of chromosome abnormality involving a change in the structure…

Q: On rare occasions, an organism may have three copies of achromosome and therefore has three copies…

A: Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly…

Q: Would you assume that the length of a chromosome might have anything to do with the number of…

A: The chromosomes are duplicated during the process of cell division. The process of  cell division…

Q: On which type of chromosome would you expect theleast number of new mutations per base pair? Why?

A: Chromosomes are thread-like structures present inside the nucleus of the cell. They are made up of…

Q: A rare form of dwarfism that also includes hearing loss was found to run in a particular family. It…

A: The inheritance patterns explain how a disease is transmitted in families. These patterns help to…

Q: A female fruit fly has one normal X chromosome and one X chromosomewith a deletion. The deletion…

A: Deletion: Chromosome segment comprises 1 or more genes separates and is lost. It is further of two…

Q: DRAW IT Suppose, as in the questionat the bottom of Figure 15.9, the parental(P generation) flies…

A: Consider the following V= Normal wing v= Vestigial wing G= Gray body-color g= Black body-color Then,…

Q: In terms of chromosome mutations, what are the significance of monosomy/trisomy, auto/allo…

A: MutationMutation is a sudden change that occurs in DNA or gene due to mistake during DNA is copied…

Q: If the skin cells of house cats contain 38 homologous pairs of chromosomes, how many chromosomes are…

A: Chromosomes are thread-like structures that carry genes.

Q: . In ordered tetrad analysis, what is the maximumRF that you could observe between a gene and…

A: RF means the recombinant frequency is a measure of the distance separating the two genes along a…

Q: How is it still balanced if, let's say we have 100% chromosome A and 100% chromosome B. In simple…

A: Translocation is a phenomena in which genetic material is transferred from one chromosome to be…

Q: A crossover has occurred in the bivalent shown in figure.What is the outcome of this single…

A: Genetics is the branch of biology which deals with genes, heredity, and genome in the organism.…

Q: Explain why a cell lineage diagram is necessary to determine if a mutation is heterochronic.

A: Cell lineage means the developmental history of progress of a tissue or any other organ of any…

Q: What type of chromosomal rearrangement occurs o Crossovers between repeats of the same sequence at…

A: Chromosomal rearrangement is a type of mutation which can cause abnormality in the structure of…

Q: Why would a cell in metaphase be more useful than acell in interphase for producing a karyotype?

A: Karyotypes are generally made from mitotic cells which have been arrested in the metaphase or…

Q: Determine the three structural elements of a functional chromosome ant to describe their functions.

A: For protection, an organism's DNA is packed within the nuclear membrane of the cells. DNA packaging…

Q: Explain why small deletions and duplications are less likely tohave a detrimental effect on an…

A: A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA of a cell such that the sequence deviates from what is…

Q: By using a diagram illustrate the condition that leads to Down syndrome (2n=47,extra copy of…

A: Down syndrome is congenital autosomal genetic disorder due to the trisomy 21 number  chromosome,…

Q: With regard to the analysis of chromosome structure, explain theexperimental advantage that polytene…

A: Polytene chromosomes are formed by repeated rounds of DNA replication without any cell division.…

Q: The following gene arrangements in a particular chromosome are found in different geographic…

A: The mutation is a sudden and abrupt change in the structure and function of chromosomes.

Q: Consider the arrangement of the following four normal chromosomes from some hypothetical organism…

A: Chromosomal Inversions:A chromosomal inversion is a type of structural mutation that occurs when a…

Q: Describe the process of mitotic recombination and explainhow it can produce a twin spot?

A: Mitotic recombination is a type of genetic recombination that occurs in somatic cells, when it is…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.