Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
![**Question:**
How many oxygen atoms are present in 3.20 g of Al₂(SO₄)₃? Express your answer in scientific notation like this: 6.02*10^23.
**Solution:**
To find the number of oxygen atoms in 3.20 grams of Al₂(SO₄)₃ (aluminum sulfate), follow these steps:
1. **Calculate the molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃:**
- Atomic mass of Aluminum (Al): approximately 27.0 g/mol
- Atomic mass of Sulfur (S): approximately 32.1 g/mol
- Atomic mass of Oxygen (O): approximately 16.0 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ is:
\[
2(27.0) + 3[(32.1) + 4(16.0)] = 2(27.0) + 3(32.1 + 64.0) = 54.0 + 3(96.1) = 54.0 + 288.3 = 342.3 \text{ g/mol}
\]
2. **Convert grams to moles:**
\[
\text{Moles of } \text{Al₂(SO₄)₃} = \frac{3.20 \text{ g}}{342.3 \text{ g/mol}} = 0.00935 \text{ moles}
\]
3. **Calculate the number of oxygen atoms in one mole of Al₂(SO₄)₃:**
- There are 4 oxygen atoms per sulfate ion (SO₄), and there are 3 sulfate ions in each formula unit of Al₂(SO₄)₃.
- Total oxygen atoms: \( 4 \times 3 = 12 \)
Therefore, in 0.00935 moles of Al₂(SO₄)₃:
\[
0.00935 \text{ moles} \times 12 \text{ oxygen atoms per mole} = 0.1122 \text{ moles of oxygen atoms}
\]
4. **Convert moles of oxygen atoms to number of atoms:**
Using Avogadro’s number \(6.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fd321eb40-4702-45a2-842a-571d0c67a0bc%2F8bbaf4e0-d176-4256-a21d-b57b183e8877%2Fcbk7nog_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:**
How many oxygen atoms are present in 3.20 g of Al₂(SO₄)₃? Express your answer in scientific notation like this: 6.02*10^23.
**Solution:**
To find the number of oxygen atoms in 3.20 grams of Al₂(SO₄)₃ (aluminum sulfate), follow these steps:
1. **Calculate the molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃:**
- Atomic mass of Aluminum (Al): approximately 27.0 g/mol
- Atomic mass of Sulfur (S): approximately 32.1 g/mol
- Atomic mass of Oxygen (O): approximately 16.0 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ is:
\[
2(27.0) + 3[(32.1) + 4(16.0)] = 2(27.0) + 3(32.1 + 64.0) = 54.0 + 3(96.1) = 54.0 + 288.3 = 342.3 \text{ g/mol}
\]
2. **Convert grams to moles:**
\[
\text{Moles of } \text{Al₂(SO₄)₃} = \frac{3.20 \text{ g}}{342.3 \text{ g/mol}} = 0.00935 \text{ moles}
\]
3. **Calculate the number of oxygen atoms in one mole of Al₂(SO₄)₃:**
- There are 4 oxygen atoms per sulfate ion (SO₄), and there are 3 sulfate ions in each formula unit of Al₂(SO₄)₃.
- Total oxygen atoms: \( 4 \times 3 = 12 \)
Therefore, in 0.00935 moles of Al₂(SO₄)₃:
\[
0.00935 \text{ moles} \times 12 \text{ oxygen atoms per mole} = 0.1122 \text{ moles of oxygen atoms}
\]
4. **Convert moles of oxygen atoms to number of atoms:**
Using Avogadro’s number \(6.
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