Hot-surface temperature of a 12-mm thick fire brick wall is maintained at 913 K. If the average thermal conductivity of the wall material is 0.123 W/m.K. Determine the maximum heat loss through the wall to ensure its cold-surface temperature does not exceed 364 K. For an ambient air temperature of 292 K, what is the surface coefficient of the wall material?
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- The heat transfer coefficient for a gas flowing over a thin float plate 3-m long and 0.3-m wide varies with distance from the leading edge according to hc(x)=10x1/4Wm2K If the plate temperature is 170C and the gas temperature is 30C, calculate (a) the average heat transfer coefficient, (b) the rate of heat transfer between the plate and the gas, and (c) the local heat flux 2 m from the leading edge. Problem 1.183.10 A spherical shell satellite (3-m-OD, 1.25-cm-thick stainless steel walls) re-enters the atmosphere from outer space. If its original temperature is 38°C, the effective average temperature of the atmosphere is 1093°C, and the effective heat transfer coefficient is , estimate the temperature of the shell after reentry, assuming the time of reentry is 10 min and the interior of the shell is evacuated.The air-conditioning system in a Chevrolet van for use in desert climates is to be sized. The system is to maintain an interior temperature of 20C when the van travels at 100 km/h through dry air at 30C at night. If the top of the van is idealized as a flat plate 6 m long and 2 m wide and the sides as flat plates 3 m tall and 6 m long, estimate the rate at which heat must be removed from the interior to maintain the specified
- One vessel having a carbon-steel wall of thickness 5 mm carrying saturated steam and water at 423K. The vessel is insulated with magnesia of thickness 50 mm. If the ambient air temperature is 321 K, determine the heat loss from the vessel. Given: i. thermal conductivity of carbon steel is 52 W/m.K ii. thermal conductivity of magnesia is 0.5 W/m.K iii. surface coefficient of insulation surface is 3 W/m2.KSteam at a temperature of 723 K is flowing through a pipe with an outer diameter of 100 mm. The pipe is insulated with 30-mm thick mineral wool, the average thermal conductivity of which is 0.065 W/m.K. Determine the outside surface temperature of mineral wool if the ambient air temperature is 300 Assume the hot-surface temperature of the mineral wool is the same as that of the flowing steam and the value of the surface coefficient of the insulating material is 33 W/m2.K.A double window called thermopane is one in which two layers of glass are used separated by a layer o dry stagnant air: In a given window, each of the glass layers is 6.35 mm thick separated by a 6.35 mm space of stagnant air. The thermal conductivity of the glass is 0.869 W/m K and that of air is 0.026 over the temperature range used. For temperature drop of 27.8 K over the system, calculate the heat loss for a window 0.914 m 1.83 m.
- The main body of plenum is a steel vessel of diameter 0.1meters has two semicircle domed ends. During operation is will contain mix of fuel and air at approximately 250OC. The wall of the vessel is 0.03meters thick and the plenum is 0.45meters long. Estimate the rate of heat loss from the vessel when the outside air temperature is 45OC. The thermal conductivity of steel is 45 W/m K and the surface heat transfer coefficient on the air side is 8 W/m2 . On the inside it is 65W/m2 . If it was possible to clad the plenum calculate the reduction in the rate of heat loss. Assume the lagging would be 5mm thick and has a thermal conductivity of 0.05 W/m.Air at 4 °C is being carried within a metal cylindrical pipe to astorage room at a bioprocessing facility, where a heat-sensitive protein product must be stored until it is transferred to another facility. The outer diameter of the pipe is 400 mm, and the thickness of the pipe is 2 mm. The pipe is installed within a larger room where the room temperature is kept at 20°C. There is a layer of insulating material around the metal pipe. Thermal conductivity of the metal pipe is 60 W/m*K, whereas the thermal conductivity of the insulating material is 0.04 W/m*K. Heat gain by the air being transported occurs at a steady rate of 40 W. A while later, it becomes necessary to reduce the temperature of the flowing air down to 0 °C for another protein product. By how much (in percentages) should the insulation material thickness should increase in order to maintain this air temperature within the pipe? Assume the inner surface temperature of the metal pipe is equal to the air temperature in the…Thermal jackets are typically put on cryogenicstorage tanks to minimize the heat transfer gainsfrom the surroundings. Consider a cylindercontainer that is 1.5 m long made from steel (k = 750W/m.K) with an inner diameter of 0.5 m and outerdiameter of 0.7 m. If the liquefied natural gas (LNG)inside the cylinder is maintained at 90 K, ambientconditions are Tamb = 20 °C, h = 7 W/m2.K. What is the required insulationmaterial to maintain the outer temperature of that jacket of 15 °C? Usethe end of the book and write your assumption with the right value.(Take a maximum allowed jacket thickness of Lins = 7 cm)
- The rectangular wall of a furnace consists of 3in. fire clay brick surrounded by 0.25in. of steel on the outside. There are six 0.25in.diameter mild steel bolts per square foot connecting the steel and the brick. The furnace is surrounded by 70°F air (with a film coefficient of 1.65 Btu/hr-ft²-°F), while the inner surface of the brick is maintained at a constant 1000°F. Determine the heat flux per square foot through this wall?2. A steam line is covered with two successive layers of insulation. The 1.6 in thick layer in contact with the pipe is asbestos which is covered with a 1.4 inch thickness of magnesia insulation. The internal pipe diameter is 3 in, the pipewall thickness is 0.40 in made from common brick. The steam temperature is 850ºF, and the internal surface film coefficient is 50 Btu/hr.ft².F, while the ambient outer temperature is 105°F and the outer surface film coefficient is 3.0 Btu/hr.ft².F. Calculate the following: a. value of U based upon the external area of the magnesia covering, Btu/hr.ft2.F b. heat loss from the steam for a length of 190 feet of pipe, Btu/hrAn insulated steam pipe located where the ambient temperature is 32C, has an inside diameter of 40 mm with 5 mm thick wall. The outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos insulation is 115 mm and the surface coefficient of sill air is 11W/meter square –kelvin. Inside the pipe is steam having a temperature of 130 C with film coefficient 7000 13W/meter square –kelvin. Thermal conductivity of pipe and asbestos insulation are 40 and 0.11 W/m-K respectively. Determine the heat loss per unit length of pipe