Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Please complete and balance the following chemical equations **picture inserted**. Please explain why we end up with 1/2 of elements for some of these and explain how it’s balanced even with the 1/2s.
Thank you
![Certainly! Here is the transcription and explanation suitable for an educational website:
---
### Chemical Reaction Processes
1. **Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide**
- **Reaction Equation**:
\[
\text{HOOH} \xrightarrow{\text{MnO}_2 \text{ catalyst}} \text{H}_2\text{O (} \ell \text{) + O}_2\text{ (gas)}
\]
- **Explanation**:
- This reaction illustrates the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (\(\text{H}_2\text{O}_2\)) into water (\(\text{H}_2\text{O}\)) and oxygen gas (\(\text{O}_2\)).
- Manganese dioxide (\(\text{MnO}_2\)) acts as a catalyst, speeding up the decomposition without being consumed in the process.
2. **Reduction Reaction of Water**
- **Reaction Equation**:
\[
\text{H}_2\text{O + e}^- \text{ (electrons)} \rightarrow
\]
- **Explanation**:
- This reaction involves the reduction of water by electrons. The products of this reaction are not provided but typically involve the formation of hydroxide ions (\(\text{OH}^-\)) or hydrogen molecules (\(\text{H}_2\)) depending on the conditions.
3. **Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Ammonia**
- **Reaction Equation**:
\[
\text{HCl + NH}_3 \rightarrow
\]
- **Explanation**:
- This reaction depicts the combination of hydrochloric acid (\(\text{HCl}\)) and ammonia (\(\text{NH}_3\)) to form ammonium chloride (\(\text{NH}_4\text{Cl}\)).
- This is an example of an acid-base reaction where an acid reacts with a base to form a salt.
Each reaction involves fundamental concepts in chemistry such as catalysis, reduction, and acid-base chemistry which are crucial for understanding chemical processes.
---
Feel free to reach out if there are additional explanations or any other concepts you are curious about!](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F95fd3b15-7487-4f4a-8b96-10d3abb47a6c%2F9c647c85-68bf-46f0-9eb9-76823e28a92d%2F2hbz2u_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Certainly! Here is the transcription and explanation suitable for an educational website:
---
### Chemical Reaction Processes
1. **Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide**
- **Reaction Equation**:
\[
\text{HOOH} \xrightarrow{\text{MnO}_2 \text{ catalyst}} \text{H}_2\text{O (} \ell \text{) + O}_2\text{ (gas)}
\]
- **Explanation**:
- This reaction illustrates the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (\(\text{H}_2\text{O}_2\)) into water (\(\text{H}_2\text{O}\)) and oxygen gas (\(\text{O}_2\)).
- Manganese dioxide (\(\text{MnO}_2\)) acts as a catalyst, speeding up the decomposition without being consumed in the process.
2. **Reduction Reaction of Water**
- **Reaction Equation**:
\[
\text{H}_2\text{O + e}^- \text{ (electrons)} \rightarrow
\]
- **Explanation**:
- This reaction involves the reduction of water by electrons. The products of this reaction are not provided but typically involve the formation of hydroxide ions (\(\text{OH}^-\)) or hydrogen molecules (\(\text{H}_2\)) depending on the conditions.
3. **Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Ammonia**
- **Reaction Equation**:
\[
\text{HCl + NH}_3 \rightarrow
\]
- **Explanation**:
- This reaction depicts the combination of hydrochloric acid (\(\text{HCl}\)) and ammonia (\(\text{NH}_3\)) to form ammonium chloride (\(\text{NH}_4\text{Cl}\)).
- This is an example of an acid-base reaction where an acid reacts with a base to form a salt.
Each reaction involves fundamental concepts in chemistry such as catalysis, reduction, and acid-base chemistry which are crucial for understanding chemical processes.
---
Feel free to reach out if there are additional explanations or any other concepts you are curious about!
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